An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Neospora caninum</it> is an important cause of infectious abortion and stillbirth in cattle world-wide. Infection is common and may frequently be passed from mother to calf (vertical transmission) with no signs of dis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2002-10-01
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| Series: | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| Online Access: | http://www.ann-clinmicrob.com/content/1/1/4 |
| _version_ | 1818326849610055680 |
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| author | Greif Gisela Krebber Ralph Blum Jürg Sager Heinz Kritzner Sandra Gottstein Bruno |
| author_facet | Greif Gisela Krebber Ralph Blum Jürg Sager Heinz Kritzner Sandra Gottstein Bruno |
| author_sort | Greif Gisela |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Neospora caninum</it> is an important cause of infectious abortion and stillbirth in cattle world-wide. Infection is common and may frequently be passed from mother to calf (vertical transmission) with no signs of disease. Based on our previous observation that <it>N. caninum</it>-infection can be efficiently controlled with Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in experimentally infected mice, we addressed the question if efficacy could also be obtained in experimentally infected calves.</p> <p>Material and Methods</p> <p>The study included 19 calves and represents an initial explorative approach to document a basic effectiveness at first. Fifteen animals received each 2 x 10<sup>8</sup><it>N. caninum</it> trophozoites, half of the dose being injected intravenously and the other half subcutaneously. Efficacy of treatment was assessed using molecular detection of parasite DNA with PCR and pathological alterations by immunohistochemistry in different organs of the animals. Assessment included also clinical, serological and pathophysiological parameters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In those calves medicated with ponazuril (one, or six consecutive days, respectively, starting one day after infection), a complete abrogation of the parasite detectability was obtained in the brain and other organs, while 50% of non-treated calves became PCR-positive in brain and muscles. Clinically, ponazuril chemotherapy of infected calves – in comparison to non-treated infected animals – reduced symptoms (fever), but no differences were observed between treated and non-treated animals with regard to serum enzymes and metabolites. Efficacy of a six-day treament was also reflected by significantly lower anti-<it>Neospora</it> antibody concentrations developed after infection, when compared to non-treated animals.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Based on our findings in this initially explorative approach that indicate a basic effectiveness of ponazuril against experimental <it>N. caninum</it> infection in calves, we plan to follow our chemotherapeutical intervention strategy to control bovine neosporosis with a subsequent more extensive field study with naturally infected calves.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:06:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f50269a80184858b579722abdfa4f08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-0711 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:06:55Z |
| publishDate | 2002-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f50269a80184858b579722abdfa4f082022-12-21T23:46:56ZengBMCAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials1476-07112002-10-0111410.1186/1476-0711-1-4An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it>Greif GiselaKrebber RalphBlum JürgSager HeinzKritzner SandraGottstein Bruno<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Neospora caninum</it> is an important cause of infectious abortion and stillbirth in cattle world-wide. Infection is common and may frequently be passed from mother to calf (vertical transmission) with no signs of disease. Based on our previous observation that <it>N. caninum</it>-infection can be efficiently controlled with Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in experimentally infected mice, we addressed the question if efficacy could also be obtained in experimentally infected calves.</p> <p>Material and Methods</p> <p>The study included 19 calves and represents an initial explorative approach to document a basic effectiveness at first. Fifteen animals received each 2 x 10<sup>8</sup><it>N. caninum</it> trophozoites, half of the dose being injected intravenously and the other half subcutaneously. Efficacy of treatment was assessed using molecular detection of parasite DNA with PCR and pathological alterations by immunohistochemistry in different organs of the animals. Assessment included also clinical, serological and pathophysiological parameters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In those calves medicated with ponazuril (one, or six consecutive days, respectively, starting one day after infection), a complete abrogation of the parasite detectability was obtained in the brain and other organs, while 50% of non-treated calves became PCR-positive in brain and muscles. Clinically, ponazuril chemotherapy of infected calves – in comparison to non-treated infected animals – reduced symptoms (fever), but no differences were observed between treated and non-treated animals with regard to serum enzymes and metabolites. Efficacy of a six-day treament was also reflected by significantly lower anti-<it>Neospora</it> antibody concentrations developed after infection, when compared to non-treated animals.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Based on our findings in this initially explorative approach that indicate a basic effectiveness of ponazuril against experimental <it>N. caninum</it> infection in calves, we plan to follow our chemotherapeutical intervention strategy to control bovine neosporosis with a subsequent more extensive field study with naturally infected calves.</p>http://www.ann-clinmicrob.com/content/1/1/4 |
| spellingShingle | Greif Gisela Krebber Ralph Blum Jürg Sager Heinz Kritzner Sandra Gottstein Bruno An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| title | An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> |
| title_full | An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> |
| title_fullStr | An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> |
| title_short | An explorative study to assess the efficacy of Toltrazuril-sulfone (Ponazuril) in calves experimentally infected with <it>Neospora caninum</it> |
| title_sort | explorative study to assess the efficacy of toltrazuril sulfone ponazuril in calves experimentally infected with it neospora caninum it |
| url | http://www.ann-clinmicrob.com/content/1/1/4 |
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