Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge
Background Pre-hospitalisation, hospitalisation and post-hospitalisation factors may significantly affect depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among COVID-19 survivors. Objective Our study investigated depression, anxiety and PTG and their correlates among COVID-19 survivors. Method A...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2022-07-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2055294 |
| _version_ | 1797895757794115584 |
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| author | Xin Xiao Xue Yang Weiran Zheng Bingyi Wang Leiwen Fu Dan Luo Yuqing Hu Niu Ju Hui Xu Yuan Fang Paul Shing Fong Chan Zhijie Xu Ping Chen Jiaoling He Hongqiong Zhu Huiwen Tang Dixi Huang Zhongsi Hong Yanrong Hao Lianying Cai Shupei Ye Jianhui Yuan Fei Xiao Jianrong Yang Zixin Wang Huachun Zou |
| author_facet | Xin Xiao Xue Yang Weiran Zheng Bingyi Wang Leiwen Fu Dan Luo Yuqing Hu Niu Ju Hui Xu Yuan Fang Paul Shing Fong Chan Zhijie Xu Ping Chen Jiaoling He Hongqiong Zhu Huiwen Tang Dixi Huang Zhongsi Hong Yanrong Hao Lianying Cai Shupei Ye Jianhui Yuan Fei Xiao Jianrong Yang Zixin Wang Huachun Zou |
| author_sort | Xin Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Pre-hospitalisation, hospitalisation and post-hospitalisation factors may significantly affect depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among COVID-19 survivors. Objective Our study investigated depression, anxiety and PTG and their correlates among COVID-19 survivors. Method A cross-sectional telephone survey recruited 199 COVID-19 patients (Mean age = 42.7; 53.3% females) at six-month follow-up after hospital discharge in five Chinese cities (i.e. Wuhan, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan and Nanning). Their demographic information, clinical records and experiences during (e.g. severity of covid-19 symptoms, treatment and exposure to other patients’ suffering) and after hospitalisation (e.g. perceived impact of covid-19, somatic symptoms after hospitalisation), and psychosocial factors (e.g. perceived discrimination, self-stigma, affiliate stigma, resilience and social support) were investigated. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD-7) scale, respectively. PTG was examined by the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) instrument. Results The proportion of depressive symptoms <5, ≥5 and <10, ≥10 were 76.9%, 12.0% and 11.1%, respectively. The proportion of anxiety symptoms <5, ≥5 and <10, ≥10 were 77.4%, 15.1% and 7.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that receiving mental health care services during hospitalisation, somatic symptoms after discharge, perceived affiliate stigma and perceived impact of being infected with COVID-19 were significantly and positively associated with probable depression. Significant correlates of probable anxiety also included permanent residents of the city, somatic symptoms after discharge, perceived impact of being infected with COVID-19 and self-stigma. Social support, self-stigma and receiving mental health care services during hospitalisation were positively associated with PTG. Conclusions: The results suggest that post-hospitalisation and psychosocial factors had relatively stronger associations with depression, anxiety and PTG than pre-hospitalisation and hospitalisation factors. Promoting social support and social inclusion may be useful strategies to improve the mental health of COVID-19 survivors. HIGHLIGHTS • Post-hospitalisation and psychosocial factors had relatively stronger associations with depression, anxiety and PTG than pre-hospitalisation and hospitalisation factors, promoting social support and social inclusion may be useful strategies to improve mental health of COVID-19 survivors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:30:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f552e38c8c9420e9df295d5d40a3d3b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2000-8066 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:30:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f552e38c8c9420e9df295d5d40a3d3b2023-02-23T15:58:11ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662022-07-0113110.1080/20008198.2022.20552942055294Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after dischargeXin Xiao0Xue Yang1Weiran Zheng2Bingyi Wang3Leiwen Fu4Dan Luo5Yuqing Hu6Niu Ju7Hui Xu8Yuan Fang9Paul Shing Fong Chan10Zhijie Xu11Ping Chen12Jiaoling He13Hongqiong Zhu14Huiwen Tang15Dixi Huang16Zhongsi Hong17Yanrong Hao18Lianying Cai19Shupei Ye20Jianhui Yuan21Fei Xiao22Jianrong Yang23Zixin Wang24Huachun Zou25Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongSun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityThe Education University of Hong KongThe Chinese University of Hong KongThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionThe People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionDongguan Songshan Lake Central HospitalShenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of ChinaThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionThe Chinese University of Hong KongSun Yat-sen UniversityBackground Pre-hospitalisation, hospitalisation and post-hospitalisation factors may significantly affect depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among COVID-19 survivors. Objective Our study investigated depression, anxiety and PTG and their correlates among COVID-19 survivors. Method A cross-sectional telephone survey recruited 199 COVID-19 patients (Mean age = 42.7; 53.3% females) at six-month follow-up after hospital discharge in five Chinese cities (i.e. Wuhan, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan and Nanning). Their demographic information, clinical records and experiences during (e.g. severity of covid-19 symptoms, treatment and exposure to other patients’ suffering) and after hospitalisation (e.g. perceived impact of covid-19, somatic symptoms after hospitalisation), and psychosocial factors (e.g. perceived discrimination, self-stigma, affiliate stigma, resilience and social support) were investigated. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD-7) scale, respectively. PTG was examined by the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) instrument. Results The proportion of depressive symptoms <5, ≥5 and <10, ≥10 were 76.9%, 12.0% and 11.1%, respectively. The proportion of anxiety symptoms <5, ≥5 and <10, ≥10 were 77.4%, 15.1% and 7.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that receiving mental health care services during hospitalisation, somatic symptoms after discharge, perceived affiliate stigma and perceived impact of being infected with COVID-19 were significantly and positively associated with probable depression. Significant correlates of probable anxiety also included permanent residents of the city, somatic symptoms after discharge, perceived impact of being infected with COVID-19 and self-stigma. Social support, self-stigma and receiving mental health care services during hospitalisation were positively associated with PTG. Conclusions: The results suggest that post-hospitalisation and psychosocial factors had relatively stronger associations with depression, anxiety and PTG than pre-hospitalisation and hospitalisation factors. Promoting social support and social inclusion may be useful strategies to improve the mental health of COVID-19 survivors. HIGHLIGHTS • Post-hospitalisation and psychosocial factors had relatively stronger associations with depression, anxiety and PTG than pre-hospitalisation and hospitalisation factors, promoting social support and social inclusion may be useful strategies to improve mental health of COVID-19 survivors.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2055294depressionanxietypost-traumatic growthcovid-19survivor |
| spellingShingle | Xin Xiao Xue Yang Weiran Zheng Bingyi Wang Leiwen Fu Dan Luo Yuqing Hu Niu Ju Hui Xu Yuan Fang Paul Shing Fong Chan Zhijie Xu Ping Chen Jiaoling He Hongqiong Zhu Huiwen Tang Dixi Huang Zhongsi Hong Yanrong Hao Lianying Cai Shupei Ye Jianhui Yuan Fei Xiao Jianrong Yang Zixin Wang Huachun Zou Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge European Journal of Psychotraumatology depression anxiety post-traumatic growth covid-19 survivor |
| title | Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge |
| title_full | Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge |
| title_fullStr | Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge |
| title_short | Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 survivors six-month after discharge |
| title_sort | depression anxiety and post traumatic growth among covid 19 survivors six month after discharge |
| topic | depression anxiety post-traumatic growth covid-19 survivor |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2022.2055294 |
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