Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review
Most electrical and electronic equipment contain a printed circuit board (PCB), which is the board on which microelectronic components are mounted. The PCBs of obsolete and discarded electrical and electronic equipment are a material of great value due to their high metal content that is of commerci...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1120 |
| _version_ | 1827708448308985856 |
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| author | Rosalba Argumedo-Delira María Esther Díaz-Martínez Mario Javier Gómez-Martínez |
| author_facet | Rosalba Argumedo-Delira María Esther Díaz-Martínez Mario Javier Gómez-Martínez |
| author_sort | Rosalba Argumedo-Delira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most electrical and electronic equipment contain a printed circuit board (PCB), which is the board on which microelectronic components are mounted. The PCBs of obsolete and discarded electrical and electronic equipment are a material of great value due to their high metal content that is of commercial importance (i.e., Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Ti, Ge, Si, Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Sn, As, and Pb). Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods have been used to extract metals from PCBs; however, these methods have energy and environmental disadvantages, which is why in recent years sustainable alternatives have been sought. Among these alternatives are the biological methods that contemplate the use of microorganisms and plants to recover metals from PCBs. In this review, only studies specifying the use of bacteria, fungi, and plants in the recovery of metals from the PCBs of computers and cell phones were considered, since the metallic composition of these plates varies according to the electronic equipment. In addition, the challenges and recommendations for these biotechnological processes to be improved and implemented at the industrial level in the coming years are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:04:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f565148fc8c4b4aa327dfd58677b4c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:04:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f565148fc8c4b4aa327dfd58677b4c82023-11-20T10:51:10ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012020-08-01109112010.3390/met10091120Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini ReviewRosalba Argumedo-Delira0María Esther Díaz-Martínez1Mario Javier Gómez-Martínez2Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica (SARA), Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa, Veracruz 91190, MexicoPosgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana, Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, MexicoDepartamento Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena, Ibagué, Tolima 730001, ColombiaMost electrical and electronic equipment contain a printed circuit board (PCB), which is the board on which microelectronic components are mounted. The PCBs of obsolete and discarded electrical and electronic equipment are a material of great value due to their high metal content that is of commercial importance (i.e., Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Ti, Ge, Si, Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Sn, As, and Pb). Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods have been used to extract metals from PCBs; however, these methods have energy and environmental disadvantages, which is why in recent years sustainable alternatives have been sought. Among these alternatives are the biological methods that contemplate the use of microorganisms and plants to recover metals from PCBs. In this review, only studies specifying the use of bacteria, fungi, and plants in the recovery of metals from the PCBs of computers and cell phones were considered, since the metallic composition of these plates varies according to the electronic equipment. In addition, the challenges and recommendations for these biotechnological processes to be improved and implemented at the industrial level in the coming years are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1120electronic wastephytoextractionfungibacteriaplant |
| spellingShingle | Rosalba Argumedo-Delira María Esther Díaz-Martínez Mario Javier Gómez-Martínez Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review Metals electronic waste phytoextraction fungi bacteria plant |
| title | Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review |
| title_full | Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review |
| title_fullStr | Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review |
| title_short | Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review |
| title_sort | microorganisms and plants in the recovery of metals from the printed circuit boards of computers and cell phones a mini review |
| topic | electronic waste phytoextraction fungi bacteria plant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1120 |
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