Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area
Heavy metal accumulation in aquaculture farms has become a major problem due to the widespread use of artificial feed to enhance fish productivity. To estimate the contamination level and identify metal sources, we investigated the amounts of seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Mn) in th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Toxics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/9/536 |
| _version_ | 1797481825792163840 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad Belal Hossain Md. Robel Miazie As-Ad Ujjaman Nur Shyamal Kumar Paul Muhammad Abu Bakar Bilal Ahamad Paray Takaomi Arai |
| author_facet | Mohammad Belal Hossain Md. Robel Miazie As-Ad Ujjaman Nur Shyamal Kumar Paul Muhammad Abu Bakar Bilal Ahamad Paray Takaomi Arai |
| author_sort | Mohammad Belal Hossain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heavy metal accumulation in aquaculture farms has become a major problem due to the widespread use of artificial feed to enhance fish productivity. To estimate the contamination level and identify metal sources, we investigated the amounts of seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Mn) in the surface water of commercial fresh water aquaculture farms in a south Asian tropical coastal area. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to analyze 36 water samples from 12 commercial fish farms. The results demonstrated that the range of three heavy metals were detected in a decreasing order of Mn (0.0574–0.4100 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (0.0125–0.3250 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (0.0275–0.085 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>). In all samples, the remaining four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni) were below the detectable level (BDL). Except for Mn, the amounts of the metals examined were below WHO and USEPA guideline values. According to the findings, the levels were found to be safe for drinking, agriculture production, and aquaculture. There was no significant correlation (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between heavy metal concentrations and water quality parameters, indicating that pollution came from diverse sources and that no single factor was controlling their levels. Furthermore, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences in the mean metal values among the fish farms (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Multivariate analyses (CA and PCA) demonstrated the association and sources of metal in the study area. Although metal levels were not beyond the threshold limit, it is recommended that suitable measures and continuous monitoring should be undertaken to reduce heavy metal pollution in aquaculture farms and prevent water quality degradation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f6be59feb4244bab8f8a07fda77f1cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f6be59feb4244bab8f8a07fda77f1cf2023-11-23T19:15:52ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-09-0110953610.3390/toxics10090536Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal AreaMohammad Belal Hossain0Md. Robel Miazie1As-Ad Ujjaman Nur2Shyamal Kumar Paul3Muhammad Abu Bakar4Bilal Ahamad Paray5Takaomi Arai6Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, BangladeshDepartment of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, BangladeshDepartment of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, BangladeshDepartment of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, BangladeshBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Lab (BCSIR), Chittagong 4220, BangladeshDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaEnvironmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, BruneiHeavy metal accumulation in aquaculture farms has become a major problem due to the widespread use of artificial feed to enhance fish productivity. To estimate the contamination level and identify metal sources, we investigated the amounts of seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Mn) in the surface water of commercial fresh water aquaculture farms in a south Asian tropical coastal area. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to analyze 36 water samples from 12 commercial fish farms. The results demonstrated that the range of three heavy metals were detected in a decreasing order of Mn (0.0574–0.4100 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (0.0125–0.3250 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (0.0275–0.085 mg.L<sup>−1</sup>). In all samples, the remaining four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni) were below the detectable level (BDL). Except for Mn, the amounts of the metals examined were below WHO and USEPA guideline values. According to the findings, the levels were found to be safe for drinking, agriculture production, and aquaculture. There was no significant correlation (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between heavy metal concentrations and water quality parameters, indicating that pollution came from diverse sources and that no single factor was controlling their levels. Furthermore, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences in the mean metal values among the fish farms (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Multivariate analyses (CA and PCA) demonstrated the association and sources of metal in the study area. Although metal levels were not beyond the threshold limit, it is recommended that suitable measures and continuous monitoring should be undertaken to reduce heavy metal pollution in aquaculture farms and prevent water quality degradation.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/9/536heavy metalsurface wateraquaculture farmscentral coast |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Belal Hossain Md. Robel Miazie As-Ad Ujjaman Nur Shyamal Kumar Paul Muhammad Abu Bakar Bilal Ahamad Paray Takaomi Arai Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area Toxics heavy metal surface water aquaculture farms central coast |
| title | Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area |
| title_full | Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area |
| title_short | Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area |
| title_sort | assessment of metal contamination in water of freshwater aquaculture farms from a south asian tropical coastal area |
| topic | heavy metal surface water aquaculture farms central coast |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/9/536 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadbelalhossain assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT mdrobelmiazie assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT asadujjamannur assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT shyamalkumarpaul assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT muhammadabubakar assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT bilalahamadparay assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea AT takaomiarai assessmentofmetalcontaminationinwateroffreshwateraquaculturefarmsfromasouthasiantropicalcoastalarea |