Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study
This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on four different oral microorganisms. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), Broth microdilution, and Well diffusion tests were used to determine the optimum antimicrobial concentra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6451 |
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| author | Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa Rasha AlSheikh Moahmmed T. Al-Hariri Hosam El-Sayyad Maher S. Alqurashi Saqib Ali Amr S. Bugshan |
| author_facet | Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa Rasha AlSheikh Moahmmed T. Al-Hariri Hosam El-Sayyad Maher S. Alqurashi Saqib Ali Amr S. Bugshan |
| author_sort | Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on four different oral microorganisms. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), Broth microdilution, and Well diffusion tests were used to determine the optimum antimicrobial concentrations of TQ against <i>Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> over 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Chlorhexidine 0.12% was selected as a positive control. The inhibitory effect of TQ on bacterial growth was most noticeable with <i>S. salivarius,</i> while the least affected was <i>S. aureus.</i> TQ’s MBC and MIC for <i>S. oralis</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were comparable 2 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL, respectively. <i>S. salivarius</i> was most resistant to TQ and displayed a value of 5 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL for MIC and MBC, respectively. The viable count of different strains after exposure to TQ’s MBC values was most noticeable with <i>S. aureus</i> followed by <i>S. oralis</i> and <i>S. mutans,</i> while <i>S. salivarius</i> was least affected. This study emphasized the promising antimicrobial effect of TQ against the four main oral microorganisms. It has a potential preventive effect against dental caries as well as other oral diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f8823dadbc040a98429e4ccd904157d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:55:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f8823dadbc040a98429e4ccd904157d2023-11-22T21:21:31ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-10-012621645110.3390/molecules26216451Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro StudyKhalifa S. Al-Khalifa0Rasha AlSheikh1Moahmmed T. Al-Hariri2Hosam El-Sayyad3Maher S. Alqurashi4Saqib Ali5Amr S. Bugshan6Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaMiddle Eastern Regional Radioisotope Centre for the Arab Countries, Giza 12311, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi ArabiaThis study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on four different oral microorganisms. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), Broth microdilution, and Well diffusion tests were used to determine the optimum antimicrobial concentrations of TQ against <i>Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> over 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Chlorhexidine 0.12% was selected as a positive control. The inhibitory effect of TQ on bacterial growth was most noticeable with <i>S. salivarius,</i> while the least affected was <i>S. aureus.</i> TQ’s MBC and MIC for <i>S. oralis</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were comparable 2 mg/mL and 3 mg/mL, respectively. <i>S. salivarius</i> was most resistant to TQ and displayed a value of 5 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL for MIC and MBC, respectively. The viable count of different strains after exposure to TQ’s MBC values was most noticeable with <i>S. aureus</i> followed by <i>S. oralis</i> and <i>S. mutans,</i> while <i>S. salivarius</i> was least affected. This study emphasized the promising antimicrobial effect of TQ against the four main oral microorganisms. It has a potential preventive effect against dental caries as well as other oral diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6451black seedsthymoquinonedental cariesantibacterial agentsherbs |
| spellingShingle | Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa Rasha AlSheikh Moahmmed T. Al-Hariri Hosam El-Sayyad Maher S. Alqurashi Saqib Ali Amr S. Bugshan Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study Molecules black seeds thymoquinone dental caries antibacterial agents herbs |
| title | Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Thymoquinone against Different Dental Pathogens: An In Vitro Study |
| title_sort | evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of thymoquinone against different dental pathogens an in vitro study |
| topic | black seeds thymoquinone dental caries antibacterial agents herbs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6451 |
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