Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review
This review paper discusses the formation and propagation of adiabatic shear bands in nickel-based superalloys. The formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) is a unique dynamic phenomenon that typically precedes catastrophic, unpredicted failure in many metals under impact or ballistic loading. ASB...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1879 |
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| author | Russell A. Rowe Paul G. Allison Anthony N. Palazotto Keivan Davami |
| author_facet | Russell A. Rowe Paul G. Allison Anthony N. Palazotto Keivan Davami |
| author_sort | Russell A. Rowe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review paper discusses the formation and propagation of adiabatic shear bands in nickel-based superalloys. The formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) is a unique dynamic phenomenon that typically precedes catastrophic, unpredicted failure in many metals under impact or ballistic loading. ASBs are thin regions that undergo substantial plastic shear strain and material softening due to the thermo-mechanical instability induced by the competitive work hardening and thermal softening processes. Dynamic recrystallization of the material’s microstructure in the shear region can occur and encourages shear localization and the formation of ASBs. Phase transformations are also often seen in ASBs of ferrous metals due to the elevated temperatures reached in the narrow shear region. ASBs ultimately lead to the local degradation of material properties within a narrow band wherein micro-voids can more easily nucleate and grow compared to the surrounding material. As the micro-voids grow, they will eventually coalesce leading to crack formation and eventual fracture. For elevated temperature applications, such as in the aerospace industry, nickel-based superalloys are used due to their high strength. Understanding the formation conditions of ASBs in nickel-based superalloys is also beneficial in extending the life of machining tools. The main goal of the review is to identify the formation mechanisms of ASBs, the microstructural evolutions associated with ASBs in nickel-based alloys, and their consequent effect on material properties. Under a shear strain rate of 80,000 s<sup>−1</sup>, the critical shear strain at which an ASB forms is between 2.2 and 3.2 for aged Inconel 718 and 4.5 for solution-treated Inconel 718. Shear band widths are reported to range between 2 and 65 microns for nickel-based superalloys. The shear bands widths are narrower in samples that are aged compared to samples in the annealed or solution treated condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:50:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f94790f90b14e2a85bea358758f8019 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:50:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f94790f90b14e2a85bea358758f80192023-11-24T05:52:36ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-11-011211187910.3390/met12111879Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A ReviewRussell A. Rowe0Paul G. Allison1Anthony N. Palazotto2Keivan Davami3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USADepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USAThis review paper discusses the formation and propagation of adiabatic shear bands in nickel-based superalloys. The formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) is a unique dynamic phenomenon that typically precedes catastrophic, unpredicted failure in many metals under impact or ballistic loading. ASBs are thin regions that undergo substantial plastic shear strain and material softening due to the thermo-mechanical instability induced by the competitive work hardening and thermal softening processes. Dynamic recrystallization of the material’s microstructure in the shear region can occur and encourages shear localization and the formation of ASBs. Phase transformations are also often seen in ASBs of ferrous metals due to the elevated temperatures reached in the narrow shear region. ASBs ultimately lead to the local degradation of material properties within a narrow band wherein micro-voids can more easily nucleate and grow compared to the surrounding material. As the micro-voids grow, they will eventually coalesce leading to crack formation and eventual fracture. For elevated temperature applications, such as in the aerospace industry, nickel-based superalloys are used due to their high strength. Understanding the formation conditions of ASBs in nickel-based superalloys is also beneficial in extending the life of machining tools. The main goal of the review is to identify the formation mechanisms of ASBs, the microstructural evolutions associated with ASBs in nickel-based alloys, and their consequent effect on material properties. Under a shear strain rate of 80,000 s<sup>−1</sup>, the critical shear strain at which an ASB forms is between 2.2 and 3.2 for aged Inconel 718 and 4.5 for solution-treated Inconel 718. Shear band widths are reported to range between 2 and 65 microns for nickel-based superalloys. The shear bands widths are narrower in samples that are aged compared to samples in the annealed or solution treated condition.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1879split Hopkinson pressure bardynamic shear localizationadiabatic shear bandmicrohardness testing |
| spellingShingle | Russell A. Rowe Paul G. Allison Anthony N. Palazotto Keivan Davami Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review Metals split Hopkinson pressure bar dynamic shear localization adiabatic shear band microhardness testing |
| title | Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review |
| title_full | Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review |
| title_short | Adiabatic Shear Banding in Nickel and Nickel-Based Superalloys: A Review |
| title_sort | adiabatic shear banding in nickel and nickel based superalloys a review |
| topic | split Hopkinson pressure bar dynamic shear localization adiabatic shear band microhardness testing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/11/1879 |
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