Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial
IntroductionPea protein (PP) concentrate is a plant-based alternative to animal protein sources, such as whey protein (WP). In addition to its valuable amino acid composition, PP has a low environmental impact, making it a sustainable, nutritious, and viable alternative for enhanced sports performan...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1210215/full |
| _version_ | 1827809050114392064 |
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| author | Luiz Lannes Loureiro Tathiany Jéssica Ferreira Fábio Luiz Candido Cahuê Victor Zaban Bittencourt Ana Paula Valente Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci |
| author_facet | Luiz Lannes Loureiro Tathiany Jéssica Ferreira Fábio Luiz Candido Cahuê Victor Zaban Bittencourt Ana Paula Valente Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci |
| author_sort | Luiz Lannes Loureiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPea protein (PP) concentrate is a plant-based alternative to animal protein sources, such as whey protein (WP). In addition to its valuable amino acid composition, PP has a low environmental impact, making it a sustainable, nutritious, and viable alternative for enhanced sports performance, such as in soccer. PP Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of PP and WP supplementation on biochemical and metabolic parameters in soccer players.MethodsTwelve male under-20 soccer players were included in this double-blind, randomized crossover intervention study. For 10 consecutive days, each participant received either 0.5 g/kg of the PP or WP supplementation after training, starting 7 days before the test game, and continuing until 2 days after. After a 4-day washout period, the athletes switched groups and the intervention was restarted. Blood samples were collected before and after the game, as well as 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h intervals thereafter. Creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate (LA), urea, creatinine, and uric acid were analyzed using commercial kits. Exploratory metabolic profiling of the serum samples was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsA comparison of biochemical markers showed that the PP group had lower CK in the post-game moment, 24 h, and 48 h. Lower LA in the post-game moment, and lower ALT in the post-game moment and at 24 h. Of the 48 metabolites analyzed, 22 showed significant differences between the time points, such as amino acids, ketone bodies, and glucose metabolism. Glutamate and lactate levels significantly increased between the pre- and post-game moments in the WP group. After the game, the WP group exhibited reduced levels of metabolites such as arginine and taurine, whereas no such change was observed in the PP group. There was no difference in metabolites 72 h after the game.ConclusionsDespite the slight advantage of the PP group in specific biochemical markers, these differences are not sufficient to justify the choice of a particular type of protein. However, the results highlight the viability of plant protein as a potential alternative to animal protein without compromising athletic performance or recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:36:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4fa0405e09ee42ea956f7118a326764d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:36:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-4fa0405e09ee42ea956f7118a326764d2023-09-22T13:00:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-09-011010.3389/fnut.2023.12102151210215Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trialLuiz Lannes Loureiro0Tathiany Jéssica Ferreira1Fábio Luiz Candido Cahuê2Victor Zaban Bittencourt3Ana Paula Valente4Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci5DAFEE Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDAFEE Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDAFEE Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDAFEE Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilCNRMN, Structural Biology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDAFEE Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilIntroductionPea protein (PP) concentrate is a plant-based alternative to animal protein sources, such as whey protein (WP). In addition to its valuable amino acid composition, PP has a low environmental impact, making it a sustainable, nutritious, and viable alternative for enhanced sports performance, such as in soccer. PP Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of PP and WP supplementation on biochemical and metabolic parameters in soccer players.MethodsTwelve male under-20 soccer players were included in this double-blind, randomized crossover intervention study. For 10 consecutive days, each participant received either 0.5 g/kg of the PP or WP supplementation after training, starting 7 days before the test game, and continuing until 2 days after. After a 4-day washout period, the athletes switched groups and the intervention was restarted. Blood samples were collected before and after the game, as well as 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h intervals thereafter. Creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate (LA), urea, creatinine, and uric acid were analyzed using commercial kits. Exploratory metabolic profiling of the serum samples was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsA comparison of biochemical markers showed that the PP group had lower CK in the post-game moment, 24 h, and 48 h. Lower LA in the post-game moment, and lower ALT in the post-game moment and at 24 h. Of the 48 metabolites analyzed, 22 showed significant differences between the time points, such as amino acids, ketone bodies, and glucose metabolism. Glutamate and lactate levels significantly increased between the pre- and post-game moments in the WP group. After the game, the WP group exhibited reduced levels of metabolites such as arginine and taurine, whereas no such change was observed in the PP group. There was no difference in metabolites 72 h after the game.ConclusionsDespite the slight advantage of the PP group in specific biochemical markers, these differences are not sufficient to justify the choice of a particular type of protein. However, the results highlight the viability of plant protein as a potential alternative to animal protein without compromising athletic performance or recovery.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1210215/fullNMR spectroscopyplant proteindietary supplementsamino acidsrecovery |
| spellingShingle | Luiz Lannes Loureiro Tathiany Jéssica Ferreira Fábio Luiz Candido Cahuê Victor Zaban Bittencourt Ana Paula Valente Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial Frontiers in Nutrition NMR spectroscopy plant protein dietary supplements amino acids recovery |
| title | Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial |
| title_full | Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial |
| title_short | Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial |
| title_sort | comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes a randomized double blind crossover trial |
| topic | NMR spectroscopy plant protein dietary supplements amino acids recovery |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1210215/full |
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