Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin
Honey is a natural product well known for its beneficial properties. It contains phytochemicals, a wide class of nutraceuticals found in plants, including compounds with highly demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The main goal of this work is t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2616 |
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| author | Lua Vazquez Daniel Armada Maria Celeiro Thierry Dagnac Maria Llompart |
| author_facet | Lua Vazquez Daniel Armada Maria Celeiro Thierry Dagnac Maria Llompart |
| author_sort | Lua Vazquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Honey is a natural product well known for its beneficial properties. It contains phytochemicals, a wide class of nutraceuticals found in plants, including compounds with highly demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The main goal of this work is the development of a miniaturized and environmentally friendly methodology to obtain the phenolic profile of Galician honeys (Northwest Spain) from different varieties such as honeydew, chestnut, eucalyptus, heather, blackberry and multi-floral. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) were also evaluated. As regards sample preparation, miniaturized vortex (VE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) employing aqueous-based solvents were performed. Individual quantification of 41 target phenolic compounds was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results revealed the presence of 25 phenolic compounds in the 91 analyzed samples, reaching concentrations up to 252 µg g<sup>−1</sup>. Statistical tools such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to obtain models that allowed classifying the different honeys according to their botanical origin. Obtained results, based on TPC, AA and ∑phenolic compounds showed that significant differences appeared depending on the honey variety, being several of the identified phenol compounds being responsible of the main differentiation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:30:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4fc252d85a0a4953af5be6703df4c3b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:30:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-4fc252d85a0a4953af5be6703df4c3b62023-11-22T23:19:31ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-10-011011261610.3390/foods10112616Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical OriginLua Vazquez0Daniel Armada1Maria Celeiro2Thierry Dagnac3Maria Llompart4CRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainCRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainCRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainGalician Agency for Food Quality-Agronomic and Agrarian Research Centre (AGACAL-CIAM), Unit of Food and Feed Safety and Organic Contaminants, Apartado 10, E-15080 A Coruña, SpainCRETUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, SpainHoney is a natural product well known for its beneficial properties. It contains phytochemicals, a wide class of nutraceuticals found in plants, including compounds with highly demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The main goal of this work is the development of a miniaturized and environmentally friendly methodology to obtain the phenolic profile of Galician honeys (Northwest Spain) from different varieties such as honeydew, chestnut, eucalyptus, heather, blackberry and multi-floral. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) were also evaluated. As regards sample preparation, miniaturized vortex (VE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) employing aqueous-based solvents were performed. Individual quantification of 41 target phenolic compounds was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results revealed the presence of 25 phenolic compounds in the 91 analyzed samples, reaching concentrations up to 252 µg g<sup>−1</sup>. Statistical tools such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to obtain models that allowed classifying the different honeys according to their botanical origin. Obtained results, based on TPC, AA and ∑phenolic compounds showed that significant differences appeared depending on the honey variety, being several of the identified phenol compounds being responsible of the main differentiation.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2616honeypolyphenolsphenolic profiletotal phenolic contentantioxidant activityliquid chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Lua Vazquez Daniel Armada Maria Celeiro Thierry Dagnac Maria Llompart Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin Foods honey polyphenols phenolic profile total phenolic content antioxidant activity liquid chromatography |
| title | Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin |
| title_full | Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin |
| title_short | Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin |
| title_sort | evaluating the presence and contents of phytochemicals in honey samples phenolic compounds as indicators to identify their botanical origin |
| topic | honey polyphenols phenolic profile total phenolic content antioxidant activity liquid chromatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2616 |
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