Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is not readily available in many countries where dosing interval is spaced more than ideal. Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those on maintenance hemodialysis, have a tendency for a reduced immune response. This study was und...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Korean Society of Nephrology
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Kidney Research and Clinical Practice |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-184.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818041697397899264 |
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| author | Niranjan Raja Arul Rajagopalan Jegan Arunachalam Arun Prasath Rakesh Durai Manorajan Rajendran |
| author_facet | Niranjan Raja Arul Rajagopalan Jegan Arunachalam Arun Prasath Rakesh Durai Manorajan Rajendran |
| author_sort | Niranjan Raja |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is not readily available in many countries where dosing interval is spaced more than ideal. Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those on maintenance hemodialysis, have a tendency for a reduced immune response. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the distinct humoral immune response to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in patients with kidney failure receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Methods The study was carried out with two cohorts: 1) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis and 2) healthcare workers from the same dialysis center as controls, each group with 72 subjects. Participants received a dose of Covishield ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. The humoral immunological response was determined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay which quantitatively measures antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein receptor-binding domain. Results All study subjects in the control group developed a humoral response (antibody titer of ≥0.8 U/mL), while only 64 of 72 in the dialysis group (88.9%) were responders. Age (ρ = –0.234, p = 0.04) and sodium level (ρ = 0.237, p = 0.04) correlated with low antibody titer in bivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only age (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.22; p = 0.045)was associated with nonresponders. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a weak antibody response of hemodialysis patients to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine. Older age was associated with nonresponders. Evaluation of both humoral and cellular immunity after the second vaccine dose and serial antibody titers can help determine the need for booster shots. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:34:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4fd35036553346668817303e4fa1b3c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-9132 2211-9140 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:34:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Society of Nephrology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kidney Research and Clinical Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-4fd35036553346668817303e4fa1b3c62022-12-22T01:56:01ZengThe Korean Society of NephrologyKidney Research and Clinical Practice2211-91322211-91402022-05-0141334235010.23876/j.krcp.21.1846117Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patientsNiranjan Raja0Arul Rajagopalan1Jegan Arunachalam2Arun Prasath3Rakesh Durai4Manorajan Rajendran5 Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, India Department of Nephrology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, IndiaBackground The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is not readily available in many countries where dosing interval is spaced more than ideal. Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those on maintenance hemodialysis, have a tendency for a reduced immune response. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the distinct humoral immune response to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in patients with kidney failure receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Methods The study was carried out with two cohorts: 1) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis and 2) healthcare workers from the same dialysis center as controls, each group with 72 subjects. Participants received a dose of Covishield ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. The humoral immunological response was determined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay which quantitatively measures antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein receptor-binding domain. Results All study subjects in the control group developed a humoral response (antibody titer of ≥0.8 U/mL), while only 64 of 72 in the dialysis group (88.9%) were responders. Age (ρ = –0.234, p = 0.04) and sodium level (ρ = 0.237, p = 0.04) correlated with low antibody titer in bivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only age (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.22; p = 0.045)was associated with nonresponders. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a weak antibody response of hemodialysis patients to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine. Older age was associated with nonresponders. Evaluation of both humoral and cellular immunity after the second vaccine dose and serial antibody titers can help determine the need for booster shots.http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-184.pdfantibody formationsecondary immunizationchronic kidney failurecovid-19hemodialysis |
| spellingShingle | Niranjan Raja Arul Rajagopalan Jegan Arunachalam Arun Prasath Rakesh Durai Manorajan Rajendran Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients Kidney Research and Clinical Practice antibody formation secondary immunization chronic kidney failure covid-19 hemodialysis |
| title | Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| title_full | Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| title_fullStr | Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| title_short | Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| title_sort | humoral response to viral vector covid 19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients |
| topic | antibody formation secondary immunization chronic kidney failure covid-19 hemodialysis |
| url | http://www.krcp-ksn.org/upload/pdf/j-krcp-21-184.pdf |
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