Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients. It mainly involves weight-bearing joints such as the hip, knee and spine as well as the basilar joint of the thumb, causing dysfunction and painful symptoms. Often, joint arthritis is accompanied by cartilage...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/815 |
| _version_ | 1797624137680683008 |
|---|---|
| author | Angelos Kaspiris Argyris C. Hadjimichael Ioanna Lianou Ilias D. Iliopoulos Dimitrios Ntourantonis Dimitra Melissaridou Olga D. Savvidou Evangelia Papadimitriou Efstathios Chronopoulos |
| author_facet | Angelos Kaspiris Argyris C. Hadjimichael Ioanna Lianou Ilias D. Iliopoulos Dimitrios Ntourantonis Dimitra Melissaridou Olga D. Savvidou Evangelia Papadimitriou Efstathios Chronopoulos |
| author_sort | Angelos Kaspiris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients. It mainly involves weight-bearing joints such as the hip, knee and spine as well as the basilar joint of the thumb, causing dysfunction and painful symptoms. Often, joint arthritis is accompanied by cartilage defects, joint space narrowing, osteophytes, bone sclerosis and subchondral bone cysts (SBC). The aim of the present study was to explore the pathophysiology responsible for the development of SBCs as well as the association between SBCs and disease progress, the level of clinical symptoms and their impact on postoperative outcomes and risk of possible complications following joint replacements if left untreated. A literature review on PubMed articles was conducted to retrieve and evaluate all available evidence related to the main objective mentioned above. A few theories have been put forth to explain the formation process of SBCs. These involve MMPs secretion, angiogenesis, and enhanced bone turnover as a biological response to abnormal mechanical loads causing repeated injuries on cartilage and subchondral tissue during the development of arthritis. However, the application of novel therapeutics, celecoxib-coated microspheres, local administration of IGF-1 and activated chondrocytes following surgical debridement of SBCs hinders the expansion of SBCs and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4fe5c0d8a05144fa8ca006c8835d3193 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-4fe5c0d8a05144fa8ca006c8835d31932023-11-16T17:07:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-01-0112381510.3390/jcm12030815Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical ImplementationsAngelos Kaspiris0Argyris C. Hadjimichael1Ioanna Lianou2Ilias D. Iliopoulos3Dimitrios Ntourantonis4Dimitra Melissaridou5Olga D. Savvidou6Evangelia Papadimitriou7Efstathios Chronopoulos8Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Orthopaedics, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UKDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, “Rion” University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, “Rion” University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceAccident and Emergency Department, “Rion” University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, GreeceFirst Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University General Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, GreeceFirst Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University General Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceLaboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 14561 Athens, GreeceOsteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients. It mainly involves weight-bearing joints such as the hip, knee and spine as well as the basilar joint of the thumb, causing dysfunction and painful symptoms. Often, joint arthritis is accompanied by cartilage defects, joint space narrowing, osteophytes, bone sclerosis and subchondral bone cysts (SBC). The aim of the present study was to explore the pathophysiology responsible for the development of SBCs as well as the association between SBCs and disease progress, the level of clinical symptoms and their impact on postoperative outcomes and risk of possible complications following joint replacements if left untreated. A literature review on PubMed articles was conducted to retrieve and evaluate all available evidence related to the main objective mentioned above. A few theories have been put forth to explain the formation process of SBCs. These involve MMPs secretion, angiogenesis, and enhanced bone turnover as a biological response to abnormal mechanical loads causing repeated injuries on cartilage and subchondral tissue during the development of arthritis. However, the application of novel therapeutics, celecoxib-coated microspheres, local administration of IGF-1 and activated chondrocytes following surgical debridement of SBCs hinders the expansion of SBCs and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/815subchondral cystcartilageosteoarthritisbone turnoverangiogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Angelos Kaspiris Argyris C. Hadjimichael Ioanna Lianou Ilias D. Iliopoulos Dimitrios Ntourantonis Dimitra Melissaridou Olga D. Savvidou Evangelia Papadimitriou Efstathios Chronopoulos Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations Journal of Clinical Medicine subchondral cyst cartilage osteoarthritis bone turnover angiogenesis |
| title | Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations |
| title_full | Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations |
| title_fullStr | Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations |
| title_short | Subchondral Bone Cyst Development in Osteoarthritis: From Pathophysiology to Bone Microarchitecture Changes and Clinical Implementations |
| title_sort | subchondral bone cyst development in osteoarthritis from pathophysiology to bone microarchitecture changes and clinical implementations |
| topic | subchondral cyst cartilage osteoarthritis bone turnover angiogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/815 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT angeloskaspiris subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT argyrischadjimichael subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT ioannalianou subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT iliasdiliopoulos subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT dimitriosntourantonis subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT dimitramelissaridou subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT olgadsavvidou subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT evangeliapapadimitriou subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations AT efstathioschronopoulos subchondralbonecystdevelopmentinosteoarthritisfrompathophysiologytobonemicroarchitecturechangesandclinicalimplementations |