| Summary: | As a promising source of biologically active substances, the <i>Artemisia</i> species from Kazakhstan have not been investigated efficiently. Considering the rich history, medicinal values, and availability of the <i>Artemisia</i> plants, systematic investigations of two <i>Artemisia</i> species growing in the East Kazakhstan region were conducted. In this study, one new germacrane-type sesquiterpene lactone (<b>11</b>), together with 10 known sesquiterpenes and its dimer, were characterized from <i>A. nitrosa</i> Weber. Additionally, one new chromene derivative (<b>1</b>’) with another 12 known compounds, including coumarins, sesquiterpene diketones, phenyl propanoids, polyacetylenics, dihydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, fatty acids, naphthalene derivatives, flavones, and caffeic acid derivatives were isolated from <i>A. marschalliana</i> Spreng. All compounds were isolated and identified for the first time from these two <i>Artemisia</i> species. The structures of new compounds (<b>11</b>, <b>1</b>’) were established by using UV, TOFMS, LC–MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds was evaluated. As a result, all compounds did not show significant inhibition against HL-60 and A-549 cell lines. The sesquiterpenoids isolated from <i>A. nitrosa</i> were tested for their inhibitory activity against the LPS-induced NO release from the RAW624.7 cells, and neither of them exhibited significant activity.
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