Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces
Most epidemiological studies usually employ ambient air pollutant concentrations as a proxy of personal exposure to air pollutants originating outdoors, which could lead to a biased estimation of health effects. Herein, we modeled infiltration and exposure factors as the modifications of personal ex...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020319735 |
| _version_ | 1818133221391466496 |
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| author | Ying Hu Mingyao Yao Yumeng Liu Bin Zhao |
| author_facet | Ying Hu Mingyao Yao Yumeng Liu Bin Zhao |
| author_sort | Ying Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most epidemiological studies usually employ ambient air pollutant concentrations as a proxy of personal exposure to air pollutants originating outdoors, which could lead to a biased estimation of health effects. Herein, we modeled infiltration and exposure factors as the modifications of personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for all seasons, genders, and ages in 31 Chinese provinces. The annual average exposure factors of PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, and SO2 were 0.42 ± 0.13 (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation), 0.68 ± 0.14, 0.34 ± 0.12, 0.50 ± 0.14, and 0.40 ± 0.13, respectively. We observed significant age, gender, seasonal, and geographical differences in infiltration and exposure factors for all studied ambient air pollutants. These factors were higher in southern China than in the north, and they were the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. The exposure factor of minors (age < 18 years) was significantly lower than that of adults (age ≥ 18 years, P < 0.01). Adult males had higher exposure factors than females (P < 0.01). Epidemiological studies utilizing outdoor concentrations of air pollutants could overestimate personal exposure to these pollutants. The present study could help in reducing the bias in the estimation of the health effects of air pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:49:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-500046dc5b41433382aa7d697b116cea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T08:49:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-500046dc5b41433382aa7d697b116cea2022-12-22T01:14:03ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202020-11-01144106018Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provincesYing Hu0Mingyao Yao1Yumeng Liu2Bin Zhao3Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDepartment of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDepartment of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDepartment of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Corresponding author at: Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.Most epidemiological studies usually employ ambient air pollutant concentrations as a proxy of personal exposure to air pollutants originating outdoors, which could lead to a biased estimation of health effects. Herein, we modeled infiltration and exposure factors as the modifications of personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for all seasons, genders, and ages in 31 Chinese provinces. The annual average exposure factors of PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, and SO2 were 0.42 ± 0.13 (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation), 0.68 ± 0.14, 0.34 ± 0.12, 0.50 ± 0.14, and 0.40 ± 0.13, respectively. We observed significant age, gender, seasonal, and geographical differences in infiltration and exposure factors for all studied ambient air pollutants. These factors were higher in southern China than in the north, and they were the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. The exposure factor of minors (age < 18 years) was significantly lower than that of adults (age ≥ 18 years, P < 0.01). Adult males had higher exposure factors than females (P < 0.01). Epidemiological studies utilizing outdoor concentrations of air pollutants could overestimate personal exposure to these pollutants. The present study could help in reducing the bias in the estimation of the health effects of air pollutants.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020319735InfiltrationExposureAmbient air pollutantsIndoor air |
| spellingShingle | Ying Hu Mingyao Yao Yumeng Liu Bin Zhao Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces Environment International Infiltration Exposure Ambient air pollutants Indoor air |
| title | Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces |
| title_full | Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces |
| title_fullStr | Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces |
| title_short | Personal exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 for different populations in 31 Chinese provinces |
| title_sort | personal exposure to ambient pm2 5 pm10 o3 no2 and so2 for different populations in 31 chinese provinces |
| topic | Infiltration Exposure Ambient air pollutants Indoor air |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020319735 |
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