A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification
This study introduces a MIMO antenna system incorporating an epsilon negative Meta Surface (MS). The system’s architects intended for it to have a large usable frequency range, high gain, narrow inter-component spacing, and superior isolation properties with four elements of MIMO antenna that are st...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215098624000028 |
| _version_ | 1797311505349214208 |
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| author | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Khaled Aljaloud Mohammad Tariqul Islam |
| author_facet | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Khaled Aljaloud Mohammad Tariqul Islam |
| author_sort | Md Afzalur Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study introduces a MIMO antenna system incorporating an epsilon negative Meta Surface (MS). The system’s architects intended for it to have a large usable frequency range, high gain, narrow inter-component spacing, and superior isolation properties with four elements of MIMO antenna that are strategically organized in an orthogonal arrangement and a compact form factor measuring 41 × 41 × 1.6 mm3, utilizing a low-loss Rogers RT5880 substrate. The architecture of the antenna is characterized by integrating a multi-slotted radiating patch, a partial ground plane, and an epsilon-negative Meta Surface. This integration is done by a 7 × 7 Metamaterial array at the back of the MIMO antenna with a dimension of 41 × 41 × 1.6 mm3, resulting in a collective enhancement of the antenna’s overall performance by affecting the phase, amplitude, electromagnetic field and reducing the backward radiation. The separation between the Meta-surface and the MIMO antenna is established at a distance of 6 mm. The antenna’s exceptional super wideband performance is increased from 2–19 GHz to 1.9–20 GHz after using the MS. Moreover, isolation increases from 20 dB to 25.5 dB, Realized gain from 4.5 dBi to 8 dBi, and radiation efficiency from 77% to 89% across the operational bandwidth. The MIMO antenna exhibits remarkable diversity characteristics, as indicated by an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of <0.004, a diversity gain (DG) surpassing 9.98 dB, a channel capacity loss (CCL) below 0.3, and a total active reflection coefficient (TARC) measuring 12 dB. Furthermore, a circuit analogous to a resistor–inductor–capacitor (RLC) system is constructed, and four regression methods from the field of machine learning are employed to validate the gain and efficiency achieved. Notably, the linear regression model exhibits exceptional performance, achieving an accuracy of 99%. The MIMO antenna design demonstrates significant potential for many applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), specifically focusing on Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. These highlight its appropriateness for emerging IoT sectors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T02:00:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50068dd47ba9464db69e39cf749bc199 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2215-0986 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T02:00:43Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-50068dd47ba9464db69e39cf749bc1992024-02-14T05:17:26ZengElsevierEngineering Science and Technology, an International Journal2215-09862024-02-0150101616A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verificationMd Afzalur Rahman0Samir Salem Al-Bawri1Wazie M. Abdulkawi2Khaled Aljaloud3Mohammad Tariqul Islam4Space Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, MalaysiaSpace Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Malaysia; Corresponding author.Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering in Wadi Addawasir, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11991, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaThis study introduces a MIMO antenna system incorporating an epsilon negative Meta Surface (MS). The system’s architects intended for it to have a large usable frequency range, high gain, narrow inter-component spacing, and superior isolation properties with four elements of MIMO antenna that are strategically organized in an orthogonal arrangement and a compact form factor measuring 41 × 41 × 1.6 mm3, utilizing a low-loss Rogers RT5880 substrate. The architecture of the antenna is characterized by integrating a multi-slotted radiating patch, a partial ground plane, and an epsilon-negative Meta Surface. This integration is done by a 7 × 7 Metamaterial array at the back of the MIMO antenna with a dimension of 41 × 41 × 1.6 mm3, resulting in a collective enhancement of the antenna’s overall performance by affecting the phase, amplitude, electromagnetic field and reducing the backward radiation. The separation between the Meta-surface and the MIMO antenna is established at a distance of 6 mm. The antenna’s exceptional super wideband performance is increased from 2–19 GHz to 1.9–20 GHz after using the MS. Moreover, isolation increases from 20 dB to 25.5 dB, Realized gain from 4.5 dBi to 8 dBi, and radiation efficiency from 77% to 89% across the operational bandwidth. The MIMO antenna exhibits remarkable diversity characteristics, as indicated by an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of <0.004, a diversity gain (DG) surpassing 9.98 dB, a channel capacity loss (CCL) below 0.3, and a total active reflection coefficient (TARC) measuring 12 dB. Furthermore, a circuit analogous to a resistor–inductor–capacitor (RLC) system is constructed, and four regression methods from the field of machine learning are employed to validate the gain and efficiency achieved. Notably, the linear regression model exhibits exceptional performance, achieving an accuracy of 99%. The MIMO antenna design demonstrates significant potential for many applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), specifically focusing on Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. These highlight its appropriateness for emerging IoT sectors.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215098624000028AntennaCSTSuper widebandMIMOMeta-surfaceR–L–C equivalent circuit |
| spellingShingle | Md Afzalur Rahman Samir Salem Al-Bawri Wazie M. Abdulkawi Khaled Aljaloud Mohammad Tariqul Islam A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal Antenna CST Super wideband MIMO Meta-surface R–L–C equivalent circuit |
| title | A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification |
| title_full | A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification |
| title_fullStr | A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification |
| title_full_unstemmed | A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification |
| title_short | A unique SWB multi-slotted four-port highly isolated MIMO antenna loaded with metasurface for IOT applications-based machine learning verification |
| title_sort | unique swb multi slotted four port highly isolated mimo antenna loaded with metasurface for iot applications based machine learning verification |
| topic | Antenna CST Super wideband MIMO Meta-surface R–L–C equivalent circuit |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215098624000028 |
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