Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review
Wine can be defined as a complex microbial ecosystem, where different microorganisms interact in the function of different biotic and abiotic factors. During natural fermentation, the effect of unpredictable interactions between microorganisms and environmental factors leads to the establishment of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/14/7754 |
| _version_ | 1797526852892360704 |
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| author | Francesca Comitini Alice Agarbati Laura Canonico Maurizio Ciani |
| author_facet | Francesca Comitini Alice Agarbati Laura Canonico Maurizio Ciani |
| author_sort | Francesca Comitini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wine can be defined as a complex microbial ecosystem, where different microorganisms interact in the function of different biotic and abiotic factors. During natural fermentation, the effect of unpredictable interactions between microorganisms and environmental factors leads to the establishment of a complex and stable microbiota that will define the kinetics of the process and the final product. Controlled multistarter fermentation represents a microbial approach to achieve the dual purpose of having a less risky process and a distinctive final product. Indeed, the interactions evolved between microbial consortium members strongly modulate the final sensorial properties of the wine. Therefore, in well-managed mixed fermentations, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms on the basis of yeast interactions, in a well-defined ecological niche, becomes fundamental to control the winemaking process, representing a tool to achieve such objectives. In the present work, the recent development on the molecular and metabolic interactions between non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> and <i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts in wine fermentation was reviewed. A particular focus will be reserved on molecular studies regarding the role of nutrients, the production of the main byproducts and volatile compounds, ethanol reduction, and antagonistic actions for biological control in mixed fermentations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:36:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5009853556ea44c0bc7f48a354572a65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:36:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5009853556ea44c0bc7f48a354572a652023-11-22T04:03:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-07-012214775410.3390/ijms22147754Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive ReviewFrancesca Comitini0Alice Agarbati1Laura Canonico2Maurizio Ciani3Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyWine can be defined as a complex microbial ecosystem, where different microorganisms interact in the function of different biotic and abiotic factors. During natural fermentation, the effect of unpredictable interactions between microorganisms and environmental factors leads to the establishment of a complex and stable microbiota that will define the kinetics of the process and the final product. Controlled multistarter fermentation represents a microbial approach to achieve the dual purpose of having a less risky process and a distinctive final product. Indeed, the interactions evolved between microbial consortium members strongly modulate the final sensorial properties of the wine. Therefore, in well-managed mixed fermentations, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms on the basis of yeast interactions, in a well-defined ecological niche, becomes fundamental to control the winemaking process, representing a tool to achieve such objectives. In the present work, the recent development on the molecular and metabolic interactions between non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> and <i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts in wine fermentation was reviewed. A particular focus will be reserved on molecular studies regarding the role of nutrients, the production of the main byproducts and volatile compounds, ethanol reduction, and antagonistic actions for biological control in mixed fermentations.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/14/7754multistarter fermentationyeast interactionsmolecular mechanismsnon-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Comitini Alice Agarbati Laura Canonico Maurizio Ciani Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences multistarter fermentation yeast interactions molecular mechanisms non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts |
| title | Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Yeast Interactions and Molecular Mechanisms in Wine Fermentation: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | yeast interactions and molecular mechanisms in wine fermentation a comprehensive review |
| topic | multistarter fermentation yeast interactions molecular mechanisms non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/14/7754 |
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