Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize
Stalk lodging in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize is a serious problem that reduces maize yields and precludes the use of mechanical grain harvesting equipment. In order to determine the effect of nitrogen management on the lodging resistance of maize stalk, three nitrogen application rates of 150, 250,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Agriculture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/2/162 |
| _version_ | 1797483860748926976 |
|---|---|
| author | Juan Zhai Yuanmeng Zhang Guoqiang Zhang Ming Tian Ruizhi Xie Bo Ming Peng Hou Keru Wang Jun Xue Shaokun Li |
| author_facet | Juan Zhai Yuanmeng Zhang Guoqiang Zhang Ming Tian Ruizhi Xie Bo Ming Peng Hou Keru Wang Jun Xue Shaokun Li |
| author_sort | Juan Zhai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stalk lodging in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize is a serious problem that reduces maize yields and precludes the use of mechanical grain harvesting equipment. In order to determine the effect of nitrogen management on the lodging resistance of maize stalk, three nitrogen application rates of 150, 250, and 350 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> (denoted as N150, N250, and N350), and different nitrogen application periods (sowing, 6-leaf, 12-leaf, silking) were set. Plant morphology, stalk mechanical strength, total carbohydrate, nitrogen content, and yield were measured in the different treatments. The results showed that as the nitrogen application rate increased and nitrogen application was postponed, the stalk breaking force, plant height, ear height, center of gravity height, stalk basal internode diameter, rind penetration strength, content of carbohydrate, and total N of maize stalk also increased. The stalk lodging resistance was improved by the increased nitrogen application rate and postponed nitrogen application by increasing the stalk material accumulation and mechanical strength. The nitrogen application rates had no significant effect on grain yield. Under N250 and N350, the treatments with no base fertilizer significantly decreased the kernel number per ear, reflected in some in grain yield. In summary, under the conditions of integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation and fractional nitrogen fertilizer applications, increased nitrogen fertilizer input can stimulate the growth of high-quality maize populations, significantly improve stalk lodging resistance in the early growth stage, delay stalk senescence, improve stalk strength and influence stalk composition in later growth stages. Based on the summer maize grain yield and stalk lodging resistance, under N250 treatment, a base fertilizer combined with topdressing at the 12-leaf and silking stages was beneficial to the growth of summer maize. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-500b24b8ec164dde9cdf5b4dc5c5e1a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-500b24b8ec164dde9cdf5b4dc5c5e1a82023-11-23T18:15:37ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-01-0112216210.3390/agriculture12020162Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer MaizeJuan Zhai0Yuanmeng Zhang1Guoqiang Zhang2Ming Tian3Ruizhi Xie4Bo Ming5Peng Hou6Keru Wang7Jun Xue8Shaokun Li9Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, ChinaStalk lodging in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize is a serious problem that reduces maize yields and precludes the use of mechanical grain harvesting equipment. In order to determine the effect of nitrogen management on the lodging resistance of maize stalk, three nitrogen application rates of 150, 250, and 350 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> (denoted as N150, N250, and N350), and different nitrogen application periods (sowing, 6-leaf, 12-leaf, silking) were set. Plant morphology, stalk mechanical strength, total carbohydrate, nitrogen content, and yield were measured in the different treatments. The results showed that as the nitrogen application rate increased and nitrogen application was postponed, the stalk breaking force, plant height, ear height, center of gravity height, stalk basal internode diameter, rind penetration strength, content of carbohydrate, and total N of maize stalk also increased. The stalk lodging resistance was improved by the increased nitrogen application rate and postponed nitrogen application by increasing the stalk material accumulation and mechanical strength. The nitrogen application rates had no significant effect on grain yield. Under N250 and N350, the treatments with no base fertilizer significantly decreased the kernel number per ear, reflected in some in grain yield. In summary, under the conditions of integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation and fractional nitrogen fertilizer applications, increased nitrogen fertilizer input can stimulate the growth of high-quality maize populations, significantly improve stalk lodging resistance in the early growth stage, delay stalk senescence, improve stalk strength and influence stalk composition in later growth stages. Based on the summer maize grain yield and stalk lodging resistance, under N250 treatment, a base fertilizer combined with topdressing at the 12-leaf and silking stages was beneficial to the growth of summer maize.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/2/162summer maizenitrogen application ratefertilization periodlodging resistancestalk strengthyield |
| spellingShingle | Juan Zhai Yuanmeng Zhang Guoqiang Zhang Ming Tian Ruizhi Xie Bo Ming Peng Hou Keru Wang Jun Xue Shaokun Li Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize Agriculture summer maize nitrogen application rate fertilization period lodging resistance stalk strength yield |
| title | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize |
| title_full | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize |
| title_short | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Stalk Lodging Resistance Traits in Summer Maize |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on stalk lodging resistance traits in summer maize |
| topic | summer maize nitrogen application rate fertilization period lodging resistance stalk strength yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/2/162 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juanzhai effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT yuanmengzhang effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT guoqiangzhang effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT mingtian effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT ruizhixie effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT boming effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT penghou effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT keruwang effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT junxue effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize AT shaokunli effectsofnitrogenfertilizermanagementonstalklodgingresistancetraitsinsummermaize |