The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics
As a major arm of the cellular immune response, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are important in the control and clearance of infections. Primarily described as helpers, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells play an integral role in the development and activation of B cells and CD8<sup>+<...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/73 |
| _version_ | 1797543695795355648 |
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| author | Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou Hannah Sloane Andrea T. Nguyen Stephanie Gras Emma J. Grant |
| author_facet | Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou Hannah Sloane Andrea T. Nguyen Stephanie Gras Emma J. Grant |
| author_sort | Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a major arm of the cellular immune response, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are important in the control and clearance of infections. Primarily described as helpers, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells play an integral role in the development and activation of B cells and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are incredibly heterogeneous, and can be divided into six main lineages based on distinct profiles, namely T helper 1, 2, 17 and 22 (Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22), regulatory T cells (Treg) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh). Recent advances in structural biology have allowed for a detailed characterisation of the molecular mechanisms that drive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss the defining features of the main human CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell lineages and their role in immunity, as well as their structural characteristics underlying their detection of pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:49:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-500b803bcbe44ebfa16141d37fbcf1fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:49:19Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-500b803bcbe44ebfa16141d37fbcf1fe2023-11-21T02:16:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-12-012217310.3390/ijms22010073The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural CharacteristicsDemetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou0Hannah Sloane1Andrea T. Nguyen2Stephanie Gras3Emma J. Grant4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaAs a major arm of the cellular immune response, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are important in the control and clearance of infections. Primarily described as helpers, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells play an integral role in the development and activation of B cells and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are incredibly heterogeneous, and can be divided into six main lineages based on distinct profiles, namely T helper 1, 2, 17 and 22 (Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22), regulatory T cells (Treg) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh). Recent advances in structural biology have allowed for a detailed characterisation of the molecular mechanisms that drive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss the defining features of the main human CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell lineages and their role in immunity, as well as their structural characteristics underlying their detection of pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/73CD4 T cellTh1Th2Th17Th22Treg |
| spellingShingle | Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou Hannah Sloane Andrea T. Nguyen Stephanie Gras Emma J. Grant The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics International Journal of Molecular Sciences CD4 T cell Th1 Th2 Th17 Th22 Treg |
| title | The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics |
| title_full | The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics |
| title_fullStr | The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics |
| title_short | The Many Faces of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells: Immunological and Structural Characteristics |
| title_sort | many faces of cd4 sup sup t cells immunological and structural characteristics |
| topic | CD4 T cell Th1 Th2 Th17 Th22 Treg |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/73 |
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