Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini
Background: Anaemia is a global health problem affecting about a third of the world’s population. In pregnancy, it is a public health concern with consequences for mothers and infants, including maternal death and infant mortality. In low-income countries (LICs), 25% indirect maternal mortality and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2022-04-01
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| Series: | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3339 |
| _version_ | 1811306677722415104 |
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| author | Rumbidzai C. Dodzo Ropo E. Ogunsakin Themba G. Ginindza |
| author_facet | Rumbidzai C. Dodzo Ropo E. Ogunsakin Themba G. Ginindza |
| author_sort | Rumbidzai C. Dodzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Anaemia is a global health problem affecting about a third of the world’s population. In pregnancy, it is a public health concern with consequences for mothers and infants, including maternal death and infant mortality. In low-income countries (LICs), 25% indirect maternal mortality and 30% neonatal deaths are due to anaemia in pregnancy.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risks associated with anaemia amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) in three health facilities in Eswatini.
Setting: This study was conducted in three health facilities in Eswatini, namely Mankayane, Raleigh Fitkin Memorial (RFM) and Mbabane Hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used non-probability sampling in three hospitals of Eswatini, to select 550 pregnant women, aged 15–49 years. Data were collected from January to March 2021, using face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 550 pregnant women were included in the study. Anaemia prevalence amongst pregnant women was 43.1% with mild, moderate and severe cases of 21.3%; 21.1% and 0.7%, respectively. Prevalence was high amongst women aged 15–19 years (53.3%). Factors associated with anaemia included living in urban areas (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8; confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.72), having anaemia 6 months before pregnancy (OR: 4.64; CI: 1.15–18.71), and gestational age at first ANC: third trimester (OR = 10.42; CI: 4.27–25.4) and second trimester (OR: 1.62; CI: 1.02–2.60).
Conclusion: Anaemia remains prevalent amongst pregnant women in Eswatini. A comprehensive anaemia prevention programme would be justified and could lower the country’s burden of anaemia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:49:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-500e21fde15e4a549725a106671a451c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2071-2928 2071-2936 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:49:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-500e21fde15e4a549725a106671a451c2022-12-22T02:53:31ZengAOSISAfrican Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine2071-29282071-29362022-04-01141e1e910.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3339923Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in EswatiniRumbidzai C. Dodzo0Ropo E. Ogunsakin1Themba G. Ginindza2Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; and, Ministry of HealthNursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanNursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanBackground: Anaemia is a global health problem affecting about a third of the world’s population. In pregnancy, it is a public health concern with consequences for mothers and infants, including maternal death and infant mortality. In low-income countries (LICs), 25% indirect maternal mortality and 30% neonatal deaths are due to anaemia in pregnancy. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risks associated with anaemia amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) in three health facilities in Eswatini. Setting: This study was conducted in three health facilities in Eswatini, namely Mankayane, Raleigh Fitkin Memorial (RFM) and Mbabane Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study used non-probability sampling in three hospitals of Eswatini, to select 550 pregnant women, aged 15–49 years. Data were collected from January to March 2021, using face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 550 pregnant women were included in the study. Anaemia prevalence amongst pregnant women was 43.1% with mild, moderate and severe cases of 21.3%; 21.1% and 0.7%, respectively. Prevalence was high amongst women aged 15–19 years (53.3%). Factors associated with anaemia included living in urban areas (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8; confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–2.72), having anaemia 6 months before pregnancy (OR: 4.64; CI: 1.15–18.71), and gestational age at first ANC: third trimester (OR = 10.42; CI: 4.27–25.4) and second trimester (OR: 1.62; CI: 1.02–2.60). Conclusion: Anaemia remains prevalent amongst pregnant women in Eswatini. A comprehensive anaemia prevention programme would be justified and could lower the country’s burden of anaemia.https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3339anaemiapregnant womenprevalencerisk factorseswatini |
| spellingShingle | Rumbidzai C. Dodzo Ropo E. Ogunsakin Themba G. Ginindza Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine anaemia pregnant women prevalence risk factors eswatini |
| title | Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini |
| title_full | Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini |
| title_short | Prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in Eswatini |
| title_sort | prevalence and associated risk factors for anaemia amongst pregnant women attending three antenatal clinics in eswatini |
| topic | anaemia pregnant women prevalence risk factors eswatini |
| url | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3339 |
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