The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma
Primary cutaneous melanoma (PCM) is the most aggressive skin malignancy, with an increasing incidence and significant mortality. Tumoral invasion, expressed as Breslow thickness, is routinely assessed on hematoxylin and eosin (HE), although this stain may sometimes underestimate the tumoral depth. T...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1020 |
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| author | Anca Maria Pop Monica Monea Peter Olah Raluca Moraru Ovidiu Simion Cotoi |
| author_facet | Anca Maria Pop Monica Monea Peter Olah Raluca Moraru Ovidiu Simion Cotoi |
| author_sort | Anca Maria Pop |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Primary cutaneous melanoma (PCM) is the most aggressive skin malignancy, with an increasing incidence and significant mortality. Tumoral invasion, expressed as Breslow thickness, is routinely assessed on hematoxylin and eosin (HE), although this stain may sometimes underestimate the tumoral depth. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of the immunohistochemical (IHC) markers S-100, SOX10, Melan-A, and HMB-45 with HE for the evaluation of the Breslow thickness and staging of PCM. This retrospective study included 46 cases of PCM diagnosed between 2015 and 2022; for each case, the Breslow thickness using HE, S-100, SOX10, Melan-A, and HMB-45 was measured and the appropriate T category was recorded. The highest values of the Breslow thickness were observed for S-100. However, S-100, SOX10, and Melan-A provided statistically significant higher values of the Breslow thickness compared to HE, but no difference was noted between HMB-45 and HE. S-100 was most frequently involved in increasing the T category (26.1%), the majority of cases being upstaged from T1a to T1b. The IHC markers S-100, SOX10, and Melan-A contributed to better evaluation of the melanoma invasion, especially in thin melanomas, but their impact on staging and consecutive treatment remains to be confirmed by future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:41:42Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:41:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5015d8418691402fb236a3727c279f9a2023-11-17T10:33:13ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-03-01136102010.3390/diagnostics13061020The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous MelanomaAnca Maria Pop0Monica Monea1Peter Olah2Raluca Moraru3Ovidiu Simion Cotoi4Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaDepartment of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, RomaniaPrimary cutaneous melanoma (PCM) is the most aggressive skin malignancy, with an increasing incidence and significant mortality. Tumoral invasion, expressed as Breslow thickness, is routinely assessed on hematoxylin and eosin (HE), although this stain may sometimes underestimate the tumoral depth. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of the immunohistochemical (IHC) markers S-100, SOX10, Melan-A, and HMB-45 with HE for the evaluation of the Breslow thickness and staging of PCM. This retrospective study included 46 cases of PCM diagnosed between 2015 and 2022; for each case, the Breslow thickness using HE, S-100, SOX10, Melan-A, and HMB-45 was measured and the appropriate T category was recorded. The highest values of the Breslow thickness were observed for S-100. However, S-100, SOX10, and Melan-A provided statistically significant higher values of the Breslow thickness compared to HE, but no difference was noted between HMB-45 and HE. S-100 was most frequently involved in increasing the T category (26.1%), the majority of cases being upstaged from T1a to T1b. The IHC markers S-100, SOX10, and Melan-A contributed to better evaluation of the melanoma invasion, especially in thin melanomas, but their impact on staging and consecutive treatment remains to be confirmed by future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1020primary cutaneous melanomaBreslow thicknessimmunohistochemical markerstumor staging |
| spellingShingle | Anca Maria Pop Monica Monea Peter Olah Raluca Moraru Ovidiu Simion Cotoi The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma Diagnostics primary cutaneous melanoma Breslow thickness immunohistochemical markers tumor staging |
| title | The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma |
| title_full | The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma |
| title_fullStr | The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma |
| title_short | The Importance of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Tumor Depth of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma |
| title_sort | importance of immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of tumor depth of primary cutaneous melanoma |
| topic | primary cutaneous melanoma Breslow thickness immunohistochemical markers tumor staging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1020 |
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