Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a protean disease causing different degrees of clinical severity including fatality. In addition to humoral immunity, antigen-specific T cells may play a critical role in defining the protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes this dis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.929849/full |
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| author | Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan Hasan Al Banna M. Hasanul Kaisar Polash Chandra Karmakar Al Hakim Al Hakim Afroza Akter Tasnuva Ahmed Imam Tauheed Shaumik Islam Mohammad Abul Hasnat Mostafa Aziz Sumon Asif Rashed Shuvro Ghosh John D. Clemens John D. Clemens John D. Clemens Sayera Banu Tahmina Shirin Daniela Weiskopf Alessandro Sette Alessandro Sette Fahima Chowdhury Firdausi Qadri |
| author_facet | Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan Hasan Al Banna M. Hasanul Kaisar Polash Chandra Karmakar Al Hakim Al Hakim Afroza Akter Tasnuva Ahmed Imam Tauheed Shaumik Islam Mohammad Abul Hasnat Mostafa Aziz Sumon Asif Rashed Shuvro Ghosh John D. Clemens John D. Clemens John D. Clemens Sayera Banu Tahmina Shirin Daniela Weiskopf Alessandro Sette Alessandro Sette Fahima Chowdhury Firdausi Qadri |
| author_sort | Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a protean disease causing different degrees of clinical severity including fatality. In addition to humoral immunity, antigen-specific T cells may play a critical role in defining the protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes this disease. As a part of a longitudinal cohort study in Bangladesh to investigate B and T cell-specific immune responses, we sought to evaluate the activation-induced marker (AIM) and the status of different immune cell subsets during a COVID-19 infection. We analyzed a total of 115 participants, which included participants with asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe clinical symptoms. We observed decreased mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell frequency on the initial days of the COVID-19 infection in symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic patients. However, natural killer (NK) cells were found to be elevated in symptomatic patients just after the onset of the disease compared to both asymptomatic patients and healthy individuals. Moreover, we found a significant increase of AIM+ (both OX40+CD137+ and OX40+CD40L+) CD4+ T cells in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides (especially spike peptides) compared to pre-pandemic controls who are unexposed to SARS-CoV-2. Notably, we did not observe any significant difference in the CD8+ AIMs (CD137+CD69+), which indicates the exhaustion of CD8+ T cells during a COVID-19 infection. These findings suggest that patients who recovered from moderate and severe COVID-19 were able to mount a strong CD4+ T-cell response against shared viral determinants that ultimately induced T cells to mount further immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:24:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5025253ee5d941cb8088a5b7fdaf3cb9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:24:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5025253ee5d941cb8088a5b7fdaf3cb92022-12-22T03:17:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-09-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.929849929849Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in BangladeshTaufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan0Hasan Al Banna1M. Hasanul Kaisar2Polash Chandra Karmakar3Al Hakim4Al Hakim5Afroza Akter6Tasnuva Ahmed7Imam Tauheed8Shaumik Islam9Mohammad Abul Hasnat10Mostafa Aziz Sumon11Asif Rashed12Shuvro Ghosh13John D. Clemens14John D. Clemens15John D. Clemens16Sayera Banu17Tahmina Shirin18Daniela Weiskopf19Alessandro Sette20Alessandro Sette21Fahima Chowdhury22Firdausi Qadri23Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jagannath University, Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Cardiology, Department of Oncology, Kurmitola General Hospital, Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Cardiology, Department of Oncology, Kurmitola General Hospital, Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South KoreaInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, BangladeshCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United StatesCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, United StatesInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, BangladeshCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a protean disease causing different degrees of clinical severity including fatality. In addition to humoral immunity, antigen-specific T cells may play a critical role in defining the protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes this disease. As a part of a longitudinal cohort study in Bangladesh to investigate B and T cell-specific immune responses, we sought to evaluate the activation-induced marker (AIM) and the status of different immune cell subsets during a COVID-19 infection. We analyzed a total of 115 participants, which included participants with asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe clinical symptoms. We observed decreased mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell frequency on the initial days of the COVID-19 infection in symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic patients. However, natural killer (NK) cells were found to be elevated in symptomatic patients just after the onset of the disease compared to both asymptomatic patients and healthy individuals. Moreover, we found a significant increase of AIM+ (both OX40+CD137+ and OX40+CD40L+) CD4+ T cells in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides (especially spike peptides) compared to pre-pandemic controls who are unexposed to SARS-CoV-2. Notably, we did not observe any significant difference in the CD8+ AIMs (CD137+CD69+), which indicates the exhaustion of CD8+ T cells during a COVID-19 infection. These findings suggest that patients who recovered from moderate and severe COVID-19 were able to mount a strong CD4+ T-cell response against shared viral determinants that ultimately induced T cells to mount further immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.929849/fullCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2Bangladeshactivation induced markerCD4+ T cellsMAIT cells |
| spellingShingle | Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan Hasan Al Banna M. Hasanul Kaisar Polash Chandra Karmakar Al Hakim Al Hakim Afroza Akter Tasnuva Ahmed Imam Tauheed Shaumik Islam Mohammad Abul Hasnat Mostafa Aziz Sumon Asif Rashed Shuvro Ghosh John D. Clemens John D. Clemens John D. Clemens Sayera Banu Tahmina Shirin Daniela Weiskopf Alessandro Sette Alessandro Sette Fahima Chowdhury Firdausi Qadri Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh Frontiers in Immunology COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Bangladesh activation induced marker CD4+ T cells MAIT cells |
| title | Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh |
| title_full | Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh |
| title_fullStr | Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh |
| title_short | Correlation of antigen-specific immune response with disease severity among COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh |
| title_sort | correlation of antigen specific immune response with disease severity among covid 19 patients in bangladesh |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Bangladesh activation induced marker CD4+ T cells MAIT cells |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.929849/full |
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