Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder
Abstract Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-12-01
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| Series: | JCPP Advances |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12029 |
| _version_ | 1818237166757609472 |
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| author | Megan Mio Kody G. Kennedy Mikaela Dimick Alysha Sultan Lisa Fiksenbaum Beth Selkirk Peter Kertes Brian W. McCrindle Sandra E. Black Bradley J. MacIntosh Benjamin I. Goldstein |
| author_facet | Megan Mio Kody G. Kennedy Mikaela Dimick Alysha Sultan Lisa Fiksenbaum Beth Selkirk Peter Kertes Brian W. McCrindle Sandra E. Black Bradley J. MacIntosh Benjamin I. Goldstein |
| author_sort | Megan Mio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without bipolar disorder (BD). Methods One hundred and three adolescents (n = 51 BD, n = 52 healthy control [HC]) completed retinal fundus imaging, yielding arteriolar and venular diameters, followed by T1‐weighted 3‐Tesla MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and hippocampus, complemented by vertex‐wise analyses. Linear regression assessed the association between retinal measures and brain structure, adjusting for covariates including age, sex, BMI, and intracranial volume (ICV). Results In the overall sample, arteriolar caliber was negatively associated with ACC volume (β = −0.20, puncorrected = .046) and surface area (β = −0.19, puncorrected = .049). There were no other significant ROI findings. Vertex‐wise analyses detected several significant positive bilateral associations of arteriovenous ratio (AVR) with volume and surface area in regions including rostral middle frontal gyrus (left p = .001; right p = .006), isthmus cingulate cortex (left and right p < .001), and left precuneus (p < .001). Significant negative associations were also observed for AVR (p = .03) and arteriolar caliber (p = .01), including a cluster encompassing the left rostral middle frontal gyrus and orbitofrontal cortical thickness. In the sole retinal‐by‐diagnosis interaction, greater AVR was more strongly associated with lower volume in the left middle temporal and fusiform gyri in BD versus HC (p = .004). Conclusion This study provides evidence that vascular‐brain associations are already evident in adolescence, suggesting that optimizing cardiovascular health may benefit the brain. This may be particularly relevant in BD and other brain disorders. Future research focusing on subpopulations where vascular‐brain associations may be especially strong, for whom vascular‐related interventions may be most indicated, is warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:21:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50281dc9ebdf4e22aa080bf0c7ecc5c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2692-9384 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:21:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCPP Advances |
| spelling | doaj.art-50281dc9ebdf4e22aa080bf0c7ecc5c22022-12-22T00:24:38ZengWileyJCPP Advances2692-93842021-12-0114n/an/a10.1002/jcv2.12029Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorderMegan Mio0Kody G. Kennedy1Mikaela Dimick2Alysha Sultan3Lisa Fiksenbaum4Beth Selkirk5Peter Kertes6Brian W. McCrindle7Sandra E. Black8Bradley J. MacIntosh9Benjamin I. Goldstein10Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario CanadaCentre for Youth Bipolar Disorder Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario CanadaCentre for Youth Bipolar Disorder Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario CanadaCentre for Youth Bipolar Disorder Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario CanadaSunnybrook Research Institute Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario CanadaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences John and Liz Tory Eye Centre Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario CanadaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences John and Liz Tory Eye Centre Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario CanadaLabatt Family Heart Centre Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario CanadaHurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario CanadaHurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto Ontario CanadaCentre for Youth Bipolar Disorder Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario CanadaAbstract Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without bipolar disorder (BD). Methods One hundred and three adolescents (n = 51 BD, n = 52 healthy control [HC]) completed retinal fundus imaging, yielding arteriolar and venular diameters, followed by T1‐weighted 3‐Tesla MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and hippocampus, complemented by vertex‐wise analyses. Linear regression assessed the association between retinal measures and brain structure, adjusting for covariates including age, sex, BMI, and intracranial volume (ICV). Results In the overall sample, arteriolar caliber was negatively associated with ACC volume (β = −0.20, puncorrected = .046) and surface area (β = −0.19, puncorrected = .049). There were no other significant ROI findings. Vertex‐wise analyses detected several significant positive bilateral associations of arteriovenous ratio (AVR) with volume and surface area in regions including rostral middle frontal gyrus (left p = .001; right p = .006), isthmus cingulate cortex (left and right p < .001), and left precuneus (p < .001). Significant negative associations were also observed for AVR (p = .03) and arteriolar caliber (p = .01), including a cluster encompassing the left rostral middle frontal gyrus and orbitofrontal cortical thickness. In the sole retinal‐by‐diagnosis interaction, greater AVR was more strongly associated with lower volume in the left middle temporal and fusiform gyri in BD versus HC (p = .004). Conclusion This study provides evidence that vascular‐brain associations are already evident in adolescence, suggesting that optimizing cardiovascular health may benefit the brain. This may be particularly relevant in BD and other brain disorders. Future research focusing on subpopulations where vascular‐brain associations may be especially strong, for whom vascular‐related interventions may be most indicated, is warranted.https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12029adolescentbipolar disorderbrain structureretinal vessels |
| spellingShingle | Megan Mio Kody G. Kennedy Mikaela Dimick Alysha Sultan Lisa Fiksenbaum Beth Selkirk Peter Kertes Brian W. McCrindle Sandra E. Black Bradley J. MacIntosh Benjamin I. Goldstein Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder JCPP Advances adolescent bipolar disorder brain structure retinal vessels |
| title | Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| title_full | Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| title_fullStr | Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| title_short | Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| title_sort | neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder |
| topic | adolescent bipolar disorder brain structure retinal vessels |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12029 |
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