Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges
Numerous experimental and theoretical studies undertaken to determine the effective stress coefficient for seismic velocities in rocks stem from the importance of this geomechanical parameter both for monitoring changes in rock saturation and pore pressure distribution in connection with reservoir p...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1122 |
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| author | Vassily Mikhaltsevitch Maxim Lebedev |
| author_facet | Vassily Mikhaltsevitch Maxim Lebedev |
| author_sort | Vassily Mikhaltsevitch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Numerous experimental and theoretical studies undertaken to determine the effective stress coefficient for seismic velocities in rocks stem from the importance of this geomechanical parameter both for monitoring changes in rock saturation and pore pressure distribution in connection with reservoir production, and for overpressure prediction in reservoirs and formations from seismic data. The present work pursues a task to determine, in the framework of a low-frequency laboratory study, the dependence of the elastic moduli of n-decane-saturated sandstone on the relationship between pore and confining pressures. The study was conducted on a sandstone sample with high quartz and notable clay content in a quasi-static regime when a 100 mL tank filled with n-decane was directly connected to the pore space of the sample. The measurements were carried out at a seismic frequency of 2 Hz and strains, controlled by semiconductor strain gauges, not exceeding 10<sup>−6</sup>. The study was performed using a forced-oscillation laboratory apparatus utilizing the stress–strain relationship. The dynamic elastic moduli were measured in two sets of experiments: at constant pore pressures of 0, 1, and 5 MPa and differential pressure (defined as a difference between confining and pore pressures) that varied from 3 to 19 MPa; and at a constant confining pressure of 20 MPa and pore pressure that varied from 1 to 17 MP. It was shown that the elastic moduli obtained in the measurements were in good agreement with the Gassmann moduli calculated for the range of differential pressures used in our experiments, which corresponds to the effective stress coefficient equal to unity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:14:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5041594c917b484a9eca20ccd31327e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:14:51Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5041594c917b484a9eca20ccd31327e72024-02-23T15:33:38ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-02-01244112210.3390/s24041122Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain GaugesVassily Mikhaltsevitch0Maxim Lebedev1Centre for Exploration Geophysics, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaCentre for Exploration Geophysics, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaNumerous experimental and theoretical studies undertaken to determine the effective stress coefficient for seismic velocities in rocks stem from the importance of this geomechanical parameter both for monitoring changes in rock saturation and pore pressure distribution in connection with reservoir production, and for overpressure prediction in reservoirs and formations from seismic data. The present work pursues a task to determine, in the framework of a low-frequency laboratory study, the dependence of the elastic moduli of n-decane-saturated sandstone on the relationship between pore and confining pressures. The study was conducted on a sandstone sample with high quartz and notable clay content in a quasi-static regime when a 100 mL tank filled with n-decane was directly connected to the pore space of the sample. The measurements were carried out at a seismic frequency of 2 Hz and strains, controlled by semiconductor strain gauges, not exceeding 10<sup>−6</sup>. The study was performed using a forced-oscillation laboratory apparatus utilizing the stress–strain relationship. The dynamic elastic moduli were measured in two sets of experiments: at constant pore pressures of 0, 1, and 5 MPa and differential pressure (defined as a difference between confining and pore pressures) that varied from 3 to 19 MPa; and at a constant confining pressure of 20 MPa and pore pressure that varied from 1 to 17 MP. It was shown that the elastic moduli obtained in the measurements were in good agreement with the Gassmann moduli calculated for the range of differential pressures used in our experiments, which corresponds to the effective stress coefficient equal to unity.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1122strain gaugeselastic propertieswave propagationseismic frequency |
| spellingShingle | Vassily Mikhaltsevitch Maxim Lebedev Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges Sensors strain gauges elastic properties wave propagation seismic frequency |
| title | Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges |
| title_full | Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges |
| title_fullStr | Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges |
| title_short | Measurements of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-Static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges |
| title_sort | measurements of the effective stress coefficient for elastic moduli of sandstone in quasi static regime using semiconductor strain gauges |
| topic | strain gauges elastic properties wave propagation seismic frequency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/4/1122 |
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