A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery
Abstract Background Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermatosis that occurs 2–3 years after an apparently successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In rare cases, PKDL occurs concurrently with VL and is characterized by fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly or lymphadenopathy,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08918-1 |
| _version_ | 1797377110024650752 |
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| author | Md. Mehedi Hasan Sanghita Banik Proma Md. Saddam Hossain Md. Arifuzzaman Naylla Islam Md. Abu Bakar Siddique Amiruzzaman |
| author_facet | Md. Mehedi Hasan Sanghita Banik Proma Md. Saddam Hossain Md. Arifuzzaman Naylla Islam Md. Abu Bakar Siddique Amiruzzaman |
| author_sort | Md. Mehedi Hasan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermatosis that occurs 2–3 years after an apparently successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In rare cases, PKDL occurs concurrently with VL and is characterized by fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly or lymphadenopathy, and poor nutritional status and is known as Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (Para-KDL). Co-association of active VL in PKDL patients is documented in Africa, but very few case reports are found in South Asia. Case summary We present a case of Para-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (Para-KDL) in a 50-year-old male patient with a history of one primary Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) and 2 times relapse of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The patient presented with fever, skin lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory tests revealed LD bodies in the slit skin smear and splenic biopsy. The patient was treated with two cycles of Amphotericin B with Miltefosine in between cycles for 12 weeks to obtain full recovery. Conclusion This case report serves as a reminder that Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis can develop as a consequence of prior visceral leishmaniasis episodes, even after apparently effective therapy. Since para-kala-azar is a source of infectious spread, endemics cannot be avoided unless it is effectively recognized and treated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:49:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-505e55e50357425ca6f046a4e71dd9d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:49:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-505e55e50357425ca6f046a4e71dd9d52023-12-24T12:10:46ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342023-12-012311510.1186/s12879-023-08918-1A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mysteryMd. Mehedi Hasan0Sanghita Banik Proma1Md. Saddam Hossain2Md. Arifuzzaman3Naylla Islam4Md. Abu Bakar Siddique5Amiruzzaman6Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford HospitalDepartment of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford HospitalDepartment of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford HospitalGovernment Employee HospitalDepartment of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford HospitalColonel Malek Medical CollegeDepartment of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford HospitalAbstract Background Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermatosis that occurs 2–3 years after an apparently successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In rare cases, PKDL occurs concurrently with VL and is characterized by fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly or lymphadenopathy, and poor nutritional status and is known as Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (Para-KDL). Co-association of active VL in PKDL patients is documented in Africa, but very few case reports are found in South Asia. Case summary We present a case of Para-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (Para-KDL) in a 50-year-old male patient with a history of one primary Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) and 2 times relapse of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The patient presented with fever, skin lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory tests revealed LD bodies in the slit skin smear and splenic biopsy. The patient was treated with two cycles of Amphotericin B with Miltefosine in between cycles for 12 weeks to obtain full recovery. Conclusion This case report serves as a reminder that Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis can develop as a consequence of prior visceral leishmaniasis episodes, even after apparently effective therapy. Since para-kala-azar is a source of infectious spread, endemics cannot be avoided unless it is effectively recognized and treated.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08918-1Para-kala-azarPKDLPost-kala-azar dermal LeishmaniasisVLVisceral Leishmaniasis |
| spellingShingle | Md. Mehedi Hasan Sanghita Banik Proma Md. Saddam Hossain Md. Arifuzzaman Naylla Islam Md. Abu Bakar Siddique Amiruzzaman A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery BMC Infectious Diseases Para-kala-azar PKDL Post-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis VL Visceral Leishmaniasis |
| title | A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery |
| title_full | A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery |
| title_fullStr | A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery |
| title_short | A case report on para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: an unresolved mystery |
| title_sort | case report on para kala azar dermal leishmaniasis an unresolved mystery |
| topic | Para-kala-azar PKDL Post-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis VL Visceral Leishmaniasis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08918-1 |
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