Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation
Near-term quantum simulators are mostly based on qubit-based architectures. However, their imperfect nature significantly limits their practical application. The situation is even worse for simulating fermionic systems, which underlie most of material science and chemistry, as one has to adopt fermi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Physical Society
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Physical Review Research |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043175 |
| _version_ | 1797210304183009280 |
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| author | Qingyu Li Chiranjib Mukhopadhyay Abolfazl Bayat |
| author_facet | Qingyu Li Chiranjib Mukhopadhyay Abolfazl Bayat |
| author_sort | Qingyu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Near-term quantum simulators are mostly based on qubit-based architectures. However, their imperfect nature significantly limits their practical application. The situation is even worse for simulating fermionic systems, which underlie most of material science and chemistry, as one has to adopt fermion-to-qubit encodings which create significant additional resource overhead and trainability issues. Thanks to recent advances in trapping and manipulation of neutral atoms in optical tweezers, digital fermionic quantum simulators are becoming viable. A key question is whether these emerging fermionic simulators can outperform qubit-based simulators for characterizing strongly correlated electronic systems. Here we perform a comprehensive comparison of resource efficiency between qubit and fermionic simulators for variational ground-state emulation of fermionic systems in both condensed matter systems and quantum chemistry problems. We show that the fermionic simulators indeed outperform their qubit counterparts with respect to resources for quantum evolution (circuit depth) as well as classical optimization (number of required parameters and iterations). In addition, they show less sensitivity to the random initialization of the circuit. The relative advantage of fermionic simulators becomes even more pronounced as interaction becomes stronger, or tunneling is allowed in more than one dimension, as well as for spinful fermions. Importantly, this improvement is scalable, i.e., the performance gap between fermionic and qubit simulators only grows for bigger system sizes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:08:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-505f176a4bbf4f059f8f28afa565bb82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2643-1564 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:08:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-505f176a4bbf4f059f8f28afa565bb822024-04-12T17:36:19ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642023-11-015404317510.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043175Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulationQingyu LiChiranjib MukhopadhyayAbolfazl BayatNear-term quantum simulators are mostly based on qubit-based architectures. However, their imperfect nature significantly limits their practical application. The situation is even worse for simulating fermionic systems, which underlie most of material science and chemistry, as one has to adopt fermion-to-qubit encodings which create significant additional resource overhead and trainability issues. Thanks to recent advances in trapping and manipulation of neutral atoms in optical tweezers, digital fermionic quantum simulators are becoming viable. A key question is whether these emerging fermionic simulators can outperform qubit-based simulators for characterizing strongly correlated electronic systems. Here we perform a comprehensive comparison of resource efficiency between qubit and fermionic simulators for variational ground-state emulation of fermionic systems in both condensed matter systems and quantum chemistry problems. We show that the fermionic simulators indeed outperform their qubit counterparts with respect to resources for quantum evolution (circuit depth) as well as classical optimization (number of required parameters and iterations). In addition, they show less sensitivity to the random initialization of the circuit. The relative advantage of fermionic simulators becomes even more pronounced as interaction becomes stronger, or tunneling is allowed in more than one dimension, as well as for spinful fermions. Importantly, this improvement is scalable, i.e., the performance gap between fermionic and qubit simulators only grows for bigger system sizes.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043175 |
| spellingShingle | Qingyu Li Chiranjib Mukhopadhyay Abolfazl Bayat Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation Physical Review Research |
| title | Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| title_full | Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| title_fullStr | Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| title_short | Fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| title_sort | fermionic simulators for enhanced scalability of variational quantum simulation |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043175 |
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