HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda
The tea leafhopper (<i>Empoasca</i> (<i>Matsumurasca</i>) <i>onukii</i> Matsuda, 1952) is the predominant pest infesting tea and causes significant losses in yield. Plants have evolved multiple defense responses to protect themselves from insect herbivores. <i&...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Forests |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/10/2059 |
| _version_ | 1797573764578279424 |
|---|---|
| author | Ni Zhang Jinqiu Wang Tianyi Pu Zhibing Zhao Weiwen Tan Zhengwen Yu Yuehua Song |
| author_facet | Ni Zhang Jinqiu Wang Tianyi Pu Zhibing Zhao Weiwen Tan Zhengwen Yu Yuehua Song |
| author_sort | Ni Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The tea leafhopper (<i>Empoasca</i> (<i>Matsumurasca</i>) <i>onukii</i> Matsuda, 1952) is the predominant pest infesting tea and causes significant losses in yield. Plants have evolved multiple defense responses to protect themselves from insect herbivores. <i>Camellia tetracocca</i>, a kind of ancient tea with local popularity, is unique to southwest China. This ancient tea is often attacked by the tea leafhopper. However, there are no relevant reports on changes in volatile components and defense signaling pathways after <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> has been attacked by <i>E. onukii</i>. To reveal changes in the responses of the volatile components of <i>C. tetracocca</i> to <i>E. onukii</i>, the headspace sampling technique and GC-MS were adopted to determine and analyze the volatiles. Furthermore, to unveil the defense mechanisms of <i>C. tetracocca</i> in response to <i>E. onukii</i>, transcriptome analysis was applied to damaged tea leaves and healthy leaves. The GC-MS analysis showed significant increases in the linalool and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal contents. The transcriptome analysis revealed a set of core pest-responsive genes (3074 upregulated and 5098 downregulated). Most of the enriched pest-responsive genes are mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction photosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and the NF-κB signaling pathway. A conjoint analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome indicated that N2-acetylornithine, D-malic acid, theogallin, fucosyllactose, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid, and arabinogalactose have a significant correlation with LOC114279735, LOC114317534, LOC114282078, LOC114317768, and LOC114263181. This study lays a foundation for further research on the breeding and cultivation of insect-resistant germplasm resources for <i>C. tetracocca</i> and on the promotion and development of the plant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50697a9ec4f441abb432389c8c0717fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:14:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-50697a9ec4f441abb432389c8c0717fc2023-11-19T16:33:08ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-10-011410205910.3390/f14102059HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> MatsudaNi Zhang0Jinqiu Wang1Tianyi Pu2Zhibing Zhao3Weiwen Tan4Zhengwen Yu5Yuehua Song6School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaSchool of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaSchool of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaSchool of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaSchool of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaThe tea leafhopper (<i>Empoasca</i> (<i>Matsumurasca</i>) <i>onukii</i> Matsuda, 1952) is the predominant pest infesting tea and causes significant losses in yield. Plants have evolved multiple defense responses to protect themselves from insect herbivores. <i>Camellia tetracocca</i>, a kind of ancient tea with local popularity, is unique to southwest China. This ancient tea is often attacked by the tea leafhopper. However, there are no relevant reports on changes in volatile components and defense signaling pathways after <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> has been attacked by <i>E. onukii</i>. To reveal changes in the responses of the volatile components of <i>C. tetracocca</i> to <i>E. onukii</i>, the headspace sampling technique and GC-MS were adopted to determine and analyze the volatiles. Furthermore, to unveil the defense mechanisms of <i>C. tetracocca</i> in response to <i>E. onukii</i>, transcriptome analysis was applied to damaged tea leaves and healthy leaves. The GC-MS analysis showed significant increases in the linalool and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal contents. The transcriptome analysis revealed a set of core pest-responsive genes (3074 upregulated and 5098 downregulated). Most of the enriched pest-responsive genes are mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction photosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and the NF-κB signaling pathway. A conjoint analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome indicated that N2-acetylornithine, D-malic acid, theogallin, fucosyllactose, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid, and arabinogalactose have a significant correlation with LOC114279735, LOC114317534, LOC114282078, LOC114317768, and LOC114263181. This study lays a foundation for further research on the breeding and cultivation of insect-resistant germplasm resources for <i>C. tetracocca</i> and on the promotion and development of the plant.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/10/2059<i>Camellia tetracocca</i><i>Empoasca onukii</i>HS-SPEM-GC-MStranscriptomicconjoint analysiskarst |
| spellingShingle | Ni Zhang Jinqiu Wang Tianyi Pu Zhibing Zhao Weiwen Tan Zhengwen Yu Yuehua Song HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda Forests <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> <i>Empoasca onukii</i> HS-SPEM-GC-MS transcriptomic conjoint analysis karst |
| title | HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda |
| title_full | HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda |
| title_fullStr | HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda |
| title_full_unstemmed | HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda |
| title_short | HS-SPEM-GC-MS Analyses of Volatiles and Transcriptome Analysis of <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> in Response to Feeding by <i>Empoasca onukii</i> Matsuda |
| title_sort | hs spem gc ms analyses of volatiles and transcriptome analysis of i camellia tetracocca i in response to feeding by i empoasca onukii i matsuda |
| topic | <i>Camellia tetracocca</i> <i>Empoasca onukii</i> HS-SPEM-GC-MS transcriptomic conjoint analysis karst |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/10/2059 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nizhang hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT jinqiuwang hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT tianyipu hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT zhibingzhao hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT weiwentan hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT zhengwenyu hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda AT yuehuasong hsspemgcmsanalysesofvolatilesandtranscriptomeanalysisoficamelliatetracoccaiinresponsetofeedingbyiempoascaonukiiimatsuda |