Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction
BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome primarily characterized by long-term mucosal inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses. The pathogenesis of CRS is still unclear due to its high heterogeneity. A number of studies have recently focused on the sinonasal epithelium. Thus...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1139240/full |
| _version_ | 1797845534745034752 |
|---|---|
| author | Yuanqiong He Yijie Fu Yuqi Wu Tianmin Zhu Hui Li |
| author_facet | Yuanqiong He Yijie Fu Yuqi Wu Tianmin Zhu Hui Li |
| author_sort | Yuanqiong He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome primarily characterized by long-term mucosal inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses. The pathogenesis of CRS is still unclear due to its high heterogeneity. A number of studies have recently focused on the sinonasal epithelium. Thus, there has been a quantum leap in awareness of the role of the sinonasal epithelium, which is now understood as an active functional organ rather than simply an inert mechanical barrier. Undoubtedly, epithelial dysfunction plays a vital role in the onset and development of CRS.ObjectiveIn this article, we discuss the potential contribution of sinonasal epithelium dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis and explore a few current and developing therapeutic options targeting the sinonasal epithelium.ResultsImpaired mucociliary clearance (MCC) and an abnormal sinonasal epithelial barrier are usually considered to be the main causative factors in CRS. Epithelial-derived bioactive substances, such as cytokines, exosomes, and complements, play a vital role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and contribute to the pathophysiological alterations of CRS. The phenomena of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), mucosal remodeling, and autophagy observed in CRS offer some novel insights into the pathogenesis of this disease. In addition, existing treatment options targeting disorder of sinonasal epithelium can help to relieve the main symptoms associated with CRS to some extent.ConclusionThe presence of a normal epithelium is fundamental for maintaining homeostasis in the nasal and paranasal sinuses. Here, we describe various aspects of the sinonasal epithelium and highlight the contributions of epithelial dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis. Our review provides sound evidence of the need for in-depth study of the pathophysiological alterations of this disease and for the development of novel epithelium-targeting alternative treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:40:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50725b4ee12e4d2cb539e57cf558352c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:40:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-50725b4ee12e4d2cb539e57cf558352c2023-04-17T05:33:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2023-04-011010.3389/fmed.2023.11392401139240Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunctionYuanqiong He0Yijie Fu1Yuqi Wu2Tianmin Zhu3Hui Li4School of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Heath Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, ChinaBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical syndrome primarily characterized by long-term mucosal inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses. The pathogenesis of CRS is still unclear due to its high heterogeneity. A number of studies have recently focused on the sinonasal epithelium. Thus, there has been a quantum leap in awareness of the role of the sinonasal epithelium, which is now understood as an active functional organ rather than simply an inert mechanical barrier. Undoubtedly, epithelial dysfunction plays a vital role in the onset and development of CRS.ObjectiveIn this article, we discuss the potential contribution of sinonasal epithelium dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis and explore a few current and developing therapeutic options targeting the sinonasal epithelium.ResultsImpaired mucociliary clearance (MCC) and an abnormal sinonasal epithelial barrier are usually considered to be the main causative factors in CRS. Epithelial-derived bioactive substances, such as cytokines, exosomes, and complements, play a vital role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and contribute to the pathophysiological alterations of CRS. The phenomena of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), mucosal remodeling, and autophagy observed in CRS offer some novel insights into the pathogenesis of this disease. In addition, existing treatment options targeting disorder of sinonasal epithelium can help to relieve the main symptoms associated with CRS to some extent.ConclusionThe presence of a normal epithelium is fundamental for maintaining homeostasis in the nasal and paranasal sinuses. Here, we describe various aspects of the sinonasal epithelium and highlight the contributions of epithelial dysfunction to CRS pathogenesis. Our review provides sound evidence of the need for in-depth study of the pathophysiological alterations of this disease and for the development of novel epithelium-targeting alternative treatments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1139240/fullepitheliumdysfunctionpathogenesistreatmentchronic rhinosinusitis |
| spellingShingle | Yuanqiong He Yijie Fu Yuqi Wu Tianmin Zhu Hui Li Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction Frontiers in Medicine epithelium dysfunction pathogenesis treatment chronic rhinosinusitis |
| title | Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| title_full | Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| title_short | Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| title_sort | pathogenesis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from the perspective of sinonasal epithelial dysfunction |
| topic | epithelium dysfunction pathogenesis treatment chronic rhinosinusitis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1139240/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuanqionghe pathogenesisandtreatmentofchronicrhinosinusitisfromtheperspectiveofsinonasalepithelialdysfunction AT yijiefu pathogenesisandtreatmentofchronicrhinosinusitisfromtheperspectiveofsinonasalepithelialdysfunction AT yuqiwu pathogenesisandtreatmentofchronicrhinosinusitisfromtheperspectiveofsinonasalepithelialdysfunction AT tianminzhu pathogenesisandtreatmentofchronicrhinosinusitisfromtheperspectiveofsinonasalepithelialdysfunction AT huili pathogenesisandtreatmentofchronicrhinosinusitisfromtheperspectiveofsinonasalepithelialdysfunction |