Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>
Microalgae are promising microorganisms used to produce value-added products or to develop sustainable approaches for environmental remediation. The ATP-binding cassette proteins (ABCs) of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> have been characterized as indispensable transporters for CO<su...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/10/603 |
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| author | Xiangyu Li Xiaolian Li Xingcai Yang Chengxiang Lan Ying Huang Bin Jia |
| author_facet | Xiangyu Li Xiaolian Li Xingcai Yang Chengxiang Lan Ying Huang Bin Jia |
| author_sort | Xiangyu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae are promising microorganisms used to produce value-added products or to develop sustainable approaches for environmental remediation. The ATP-binding cassette proteins (ABCs) of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> have been characterized as indispensable transporters for CO<sub>2</sub> concentrating mechanism, lipid biosynthesis, and heavy metal sequestration. However, few microalgal ABC proteins have been studied compared with higher plants or non-photosynthetic microorganisms. This study performed a genome-wide, evolutionary, and transcriptomic survey of <i>C. reinhardtii</i> ABC proteins (CrABCs). A total of 75 <i>CrABCs</i> were identified and classed into eight ABC subfamilies, from ABCA to ABCI. We found that no whole or partial genome duplication events occurred in <i>C. reinhardtii</i> after the ancient endosymbiosis events, but gene duplications occurred in a small range of chromosomal regions, which forced ABC family expansion. Abundant light, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid response <i>cis</i>-elements were mapped in the <i>CrABC</i> promoters, coinciding with the evolutionary history of hormone signaling in <i>Chlorophyta</i>. The expression survey under light/dark rhythms revealed a close bond of <i>CrABCs</i> with cell division and development. A broad study of CrABCs supported their expected roles in heavy metal detoxification, lipid metabolism, and environmental adaptation. Moreover, the evolutionary and expression survey predicted the functions of unknown CrABCs, which are elaborated in the text. Two half-size CrABCGs—CrABCG3 and CrABCG26—were described as plasma-membrane transporters that might participate in lipidic compound secretion. This study provides fundamental and exhaustive information about <i>CrABCs</i>, which are indispensable for the functional elucidation of ABC proteins in microalgae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:45:42Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:45:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-5072d0f012484d1b8f7cbc13bd5fc1c32023-12-02T00:36:17ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-09-01201060310.3390/md20100603Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>Xiangyu Li0Xiaolian Li1Xingcai Yang2Chengxiang Lan3Ying Huang4Bin Jia5Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaGuangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaMicroalgae are promising microorganisms used to produce value-added products or to develop sustainable approaches for environmental remediation. The ATP-binding cassette proteins (ABCs) of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> have been characterized as indispensable transporters for CO<sub>2</sub> concentrating mechanism, lipid biosynthesis, and heavy metal sequestration. However, few microalgal ABC proteins have been studied compared with higher plants or non-photosynthetic microorganisms. This study performed a genome-wide, evolutionary, and transcriptomic survey of <i>C. reinhardtii</i> ABC proteins (CrABCs). A total of 75 <i>CrABCs</i> were identified and classed into eight ABC subfamilies, from ABCA to ABCI. We found that no whole or partial genome duplication events occurred in <i>C. reinhardtii</i> after the ancient endosymbiosis events, but gene duplications occurred in a small range of chromosomal regions, which forced ABC family expansion. Abundant light, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid response <i>cis</i>-elements were mapped in the <i>CrABC</i> promoters, coinciding with the evolutionary history of hormone signaling in <i>Chlorophyta</i>. The expression survey under light/dark rhythms revealed a close bond of <i>CrABCs</i> with cell division and development. A broad study of CrABCs supported their expected roles in heavy metal detoxification, lipid metabolism, and environmental adaptation. Moreover, the evolutionary and expression survey predicted the functions of unknown CrABCs, which are elaborated in the text. Two half-size CrABCGs—CrABCG3 and CrABCG26—were described as plasma-membrane transporters that might participate in lipidic compound secretion. This study provides fundamental and exhaustive information about <i>CrABCs</i>, which are indispensable for the functional elucidation of ABC proteins in microalgae.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/10/603microalgaeABC transportersheavy metal transportlipid transport |
| spellingShingle | Xiangyu Li Xiaolian Li Xingcai Yang Chengxiang Lan Ying Huang Bin Jia Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> Marine Drugs microalgae ABC transporters heavy metal transport lipid transport |
| title | Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> |
| title_full | Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> |
| title_fullStr | Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> |
| title_short | Identification and Characterization of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> |
| title_sort | identification and characterization of atp binding cassette transporters in i chlamydomonas reinhardtii i |
| topic | microalgae ABC transporters heavy metal transport lipid transport |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/10/603 |
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