Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial
There is a lack of research into how lean, resistance trained (RT) individuals respond to intermittent energy restricted diets. Therefore, we investigated body composition changes in RT-individuals during continuous energy restriction or intermittent restriction. A total of 27 males and females (25...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/1/19 |
| _version_ | 1818897612987695104 |
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| author | Bill I. Campbell Danielle Aguilar Lauren M. Colenso-Semple Kevin Hartke Abby R. Fleming Carl D. Fox Jaymes M. Longstrom Gavin E. Rogers David B. Mathas Vickie Wong Sarah Ford John Gorman |
| author_facet | Bill I. Campbell Danielle Aguilar Lauren M. Colenso-Semple Kevin Hartke Abby R. Fleming Carl D. Fox Jaymes M. Longstrom Gavin E. Rogers David B. Mathas Vickie Wong Sarah Ford John Gorman |
| author_sort | Bill I. Campbell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a lack of research into how lean, resistance trained (RT) individuals respond to intermittent energy restricted diets. Therefore, we investigated body composition changes in RT-individuals during continuous energy restriction or intermittent restriction. A total of 27 males and females (25 ± 6.1 years; 169 ± 9.4 cm; 80 ± 15.6 kg) were randomized to a ~25% caloric restricted diet Refeed (RF; <i>n </i>=<i> </i>13) or Continuous group (CN; <i>n </i>=<i> </i>14) in conjunction with 4-days/week resistance training for 7-weeks. RF implemented two consecutive days of elevated carbohydrate (CHO) intake, followed by 5-days of caloric restriction each week. CN adhered to a continuous 7-week caloric restriction. Body mass (BM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), dry fat-free mass (dFFM), and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were assessed pre/post-diet. Both groups significantly reduced BM (RF: baseline = 76.4 ± 15.6 kg, post-diet = 73.2 ± 13.8 kg, Δ3.2 kg; CN: baseline = 83.1 ± 15.4 kg, post-diet = 79.5 ± 15 kg, Δ3.6 kg) and FM (RF: baseline = 16.3 ± 4 kg, post-diet = 13.5 ± 3.6 kg, Δ2.8 kg; CN: baseline = 16.7 ± 4.5 kg, post-diet = 14.4 ± 4.9 kg, Δ2.3 kg) with no differences between groups. FFM (RF: baseline = 60.1 ± 13.8 kg, post-diet = 59.7 ± 13.0 kg, 0.4 kg; CN: baseline = 66.4 ± 15.2 kg, post-diet = 65.1 ± 15.2 kg, Δ1.3 kg <i>p </i>=<i> </i>0.006), dFFM (RF: baseline = 18.7 ± 5.0 kg, post-diet = 18.5 ± 4.5 kg, Δ0.2 kg; CN: baseline =21.9 ± 5.7 kg, post-diet = 20.0 ± 5.7 kg, Δ1.9 kg), and RMR (RF: baseline = 1703 ± 294, post-diet = 1,665 ± 270, Δ38 kcals; CN: baseline = 1867 ± 342, post-diet = 1789 ± 409, Δ78 kcals) were better maintained in the RF group. A 2-day carbohydrate refeed preserves FFM, dryFFM, and RMR during energy restriction compared to continuous energy restriction in RT-individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:18:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-507c78c8a3b444f3ac47006e96d34df5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:18:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-507c78c8a3b444f3ac47006e96d34df52022-12-21T20:09:03ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422020-03-015119010.3390/jfmk5010019jfmk5010019Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled TrialBill I. Campbell0Danielle Aguilar1Lauren M. Colenso-Semple2Kevin Hartke3Abby R. Fleming4Carl D. Fox5Jaymes M. Longstrom6Gavin E. Rogers7David B. Mathas8Vickie Wong9Sarah Ford10John Gorman11Exercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USAExercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USATeam Gorman LLC, Republic MO 65738, USAThere is a lack of research into how lean, resistance trained (RT) individuals respond to intermittent energy restricted diets. Therefore, we investigated body composition changes in RT-individuals during continuous energy restriction or intermittent restriction. A total of 27 males and females (25 ± 6.1 years; 169 ± 9.4 cm; 80 ± 15.6 kg) were randomized to a ~25% caloric restricted diet Refeed (RF; <i>n </i>=<i> </i>13) or Continuous group (CN; <i>n </i>=<i> </i>14) in conjunction with 4-days/week resistance training for 7-weeks. RF implemented two consecutive days of elevated carbohydrate (CHO) intake, followed by 5-days of caloric restriction each week. CN adhered to a continuous 7-week caloric restriction. Body mass (BM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), dry fat-free mass (dFFM), and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were assessed pre/post-diet. Both groups significantly reduced BM (RF: baseline = 76.4 ± 15.6 kg, post-diet = 73.2 ± 13.8 kg, Δ3.2 kg; CN: baseline = 83.1 ± 15.4 kg, post-diet = 79.5 ± 15 kg, Δ3.6 kg) and FM (RF: baseline = 16.3 ± 4 kg, post-diet = 13.5 ± 3.6 kg, Δ2.8 kg; CN: baseline = 16.7 ± 4.5 kg, post-diet = 14.4 ± 4.9 kg, Δ2.3 kg) with no differences between groups. FFM (RF: baseline = 60.1 ± 13.8 kg, post-diet = 59.7 ± 13.0 kg, 0.4 kg; CN: baseline = 66.4 ± 15.2 kg, post-diet = 65.1 ± 15.2 kg, Δ1.3 kg <i>p </i>=<i> </i>0.006), dFFM (RF: baseline = 18.7 ± 5.0 kg, post-diet = 18.5 ± 4.5 kg, Δ0.2 kg; CN: baseline =21.9 ± 5.7 kg, post-diet = 20.0 ± 5.7 kg, Δ1.9 kg), and RMR (RF: baseline = 1703 ± 294, post-diet = 1,665 ± 270, Δ38 kcals; CN: baseline = 1867 ± 342, post-diet = 1789 ± 409, Δ78 kcals) were better maintained in the RF group. A 2-day carbohydrate refeed preserves FFM, dryFFM, and RMR during energy restriction compared to continuous energy restriction in RT-individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/1/19fat lossresistance trainingphysique enhancementdietweight lossbodybuildingsports nutritionrefeednutritiondiet break |
| spellingShingle | Bill I. Campbell Danielle Aguilar Lauren M. Colenso-Semple Kevin Hartke Abby R. Fleming Carl D. Fox Jaymes M. Longstrom Gavin E. Rogers David B. Mathas Vickie Wong Sarah Ford John Gorman Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology fat loss resistance training physique enhancement diet weight loss bodybuilding sports nutrition refeed nutrition diet break |
| title | Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full | Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_short | Intermittent Energy Restriction Attenuates the Loss of Fat Free Mass in Resistance Trained Individuals. A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | intermittent energy restriction attenuates the loss of fat free mass in resistance trained individuals a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | fat loss resistance training physique enhancement diet weight loss bodybuilding sports nutrition refeed nutrition diet break |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/1/19 |
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