| Summary: | The flower of <i>Pueraria lobata</i> (Puerariae Flos) is a reddish-purple to violet-purple flower that blooms between July and September. In our preliminary study, Puerariae Flos extract exhibited significant activity against a human ovarian cancer cell line. This research aims to identify the active compounds in Pueraria Flos. By repeated chromatography, one new tryptophan derivative (<b>1</b>), two new flavanones (<b>4</b> and <b>5</b>), and 19 known compounds, including tryptophan derivatives (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>), flavonoids (<b>6</b>–<b>9</b>), isoflavonoids (<b>10</b>–<b>20</b>), a flavonolignan (<b>21</b>), and a phenolic compound (<b>22</b>), were isolated from a methanol extract of Puerariae Flos. The structures of new compounds were elucidated as 13-<i>N</i>-benzoyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-tryptophan-1-<i>N-β</i>-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranoside (<b>1</b>), 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-naringenin (<b>4</b>), and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-naringenin 7-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranoside (<b>5</b>). Among the isolates, afromosin (<b>17</b>), tectorigenin (<b>11</b>), apigenin (<b>8</b>), glycitein (<b>16</b>), (-)-hydnocarpin (<b>21</b>), irilin D (<b>12</b>), irisolidone 7-<i>O</i>-glucoside (<b>14</b>), and genistein (<b>10</b>) showed cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Apigenin (<b>8</b>) and (-)-hydnocarpin (<b>21</b>) were the most active (IC<sub>50</sub> values of 9.99 and 7.36 μM, respectively).
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