Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation
Surfactant–modified exfoliated Fayum clay (CTAB–EC) obtained after chemical treatment with a CTAB/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution was further decorated with magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (MNP). The final nanocomposite (MNP/CTAB...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1454 |
| _version_ | 1827712360649850880 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohamed Abou Elfetouh Barakat Rajeev Kumar Moaaz Korany Seliem Ali Qurany Selim Mohamed Mobarak Ioannis Anastopoulos Dimitrios Giannakoudakis Mariusz Barczak Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet Essam Abdelrahman Mohamed |
| author_facet | Mohamed Abou Elfetouh Barakat Rajeev Kumar Moaaz Korany Seliem Ali Qurany Selim Mohamed Mobarak Ioannis Anastopoulos Dimitrios Giannakoudakis Mariusz Barczak Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet Essam Abdelrahman Mohamed |
| author_sort | Mohamed Abou Elfetouh Barakat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surfactant–modified exfoliated Fayum clay (CTAB–EC) obtained after chemical treatment with a CTAB/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution was further decorated with magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (MNP). The final nanocomposite (MNP/CTAB–EC) was characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, TEM and its adsorptive capability against a model cationic dye, crystal violet (CV), was evaluated. A comparison of the adsorption performance of the raw clay and its modified counterparts using H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, CTAB, CTAB/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or MNP indicated that the adsorption capacity of MNP/CTAB–EC was the highest for CV removal at pH 8.0. The pseudo‒second order for the kinetics and Freundlich model for adsorption equilibrium fitted well the CV removal experimental data at all tested temperatures (25, 40 and 55 °C). The enhancement of the Langmuir adsorption capacity from 447.1 to 499.4 mg g<sup>−1</sup> with increasing the temperature from 25 to 55 °C revealed an endothermic nature of the removal process. The interactions between CV and MNP/CTAB–EC were interpreted using advanced statistical physics models (ASPM) in order to elucidate the adsorption mechanism. Multilayer model fitted the adsorption process and therefore, the steric and energetic factors that impacted the CV adsorption were also interpreted using this model. The aggregated number of CV molecules per MNP/CTAB–EC active site (<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mi>n</mi> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>) was more than unity at all temperatures, representing thus a vertical adsorption orientation and a multi‒interactions mechanism. It was determined that the increase of CV uptake with temperature was mainly controlled by the increase of the number of active sites (<i>N</i><sub>M</sub>). Calculated adsorption energies (Δ<i>E</i>) revealed that CV removal was an endothermic and a physisorption process (Δ<i>E</i> < 40 kJ mol <sup>−1</sup>). MNP/CTAB–EC was magnetically separated, regenerated by NaOH, and reused without significant decrease in its adsorption efficiency, supporting a prosperity of its utilization as an effective adsorbent against hazardous dyes from wastewaters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:13:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50b1842fcaa04c53ab69477444ec84d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:13:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-50b1842fcaa04c53ab69477444ec84d22023-11-20T07:54:13ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-07-01108145410.3390/nano10081454Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical InterpretationMohamed Abou Elfetouh Barakat0Rajeev Kumar1Moaaz Korany Seliem2Ali Qurany Selim3Mohamed Mobarak4Ioannis Anastopoulos5Dimitrios Giannakoudakis6Mariusz Barczak7Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet8Essam Abdelrahman Mohamed9Department of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptFaculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia Cy-1678, CyprusInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, PolandDepartamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20256, MexicoFaculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, EgyptSurfactant–modified exfoliated Fayum clay (CTAB–EC) obtained after chemical treatment with a CTAB/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution was further decorated with magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (MNP). The final nanocomposite (MNP/CTAB–EC) was characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, TEM and its adsorptive capability against a model cationic dye, crystal violet (CV), was evaluated. A comparison of the adsorption performance of the raw clay and its modified counterparts using H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, CTAB, CTAB/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or MNP indicated that the adsorption capacity of MNP/CTAB–EC was the highest for CV removal at pH 8.0. The pseudo‒second order for the kinetics and Freundlich model for adsorption equilibrium fitted well the CV removal experimental data at all tested temperatures (25, 40 and 55 °C). The enhancement of the Langmuir adsorption capacity from 447.1 to 499.4 mg g<sup>−1</sup> with increasing the temperature from 25 to 55 °C revealed an endothermic nature of the removal process. The interactions between CV and MNP/CTAB–EC were interpreted using advanced statistical physics models (ASPM) in order to elucidate the adsorption mechanism. Multilayer model fitted the adsorption process and therefore, the steric and energetic factors that impacted the CV adsorption were also interpreted using this model. The aggregated number of CV molecules per MNP/CTAB–EC active site (<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mi>n</mi> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>) was more than unity at all temperatures, representing thus a vertical adsorption orientation and a multi‒interactions mechanism. It was determined that the increase of CV uptake with temperature was mainly controlled by the increase of the number of active sites (<i>N</i><sub>M</sub>). Calculated adsorption energies (Δ<i>E</i>) revealed that CV removal was an endothermic and a physisorption process (Δ<i>E</i> < 40 kJ mol <sup>−1</sup>). MNP/CTAB–EC was magnetically separated, regenerated by NaOH, and reused without significant decrease in its adsorption efficiency, supporting a prosperity of its utilization as an effective adsorbent against hazardous dyes from wastewaters.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1454exfoliated claymagnetic nanoparticlesdye adsorptionstatistical modelingdesorption |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Abou Elfetouh Barakat Rajeev Kumar Moaaz Korany Seliem Ali Qurany Selim Mohamed Mobarak Ioannis Anastopoulos Dimitrios Giannakoudakis Mariusz Barczak Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet Essam Abdelrahman Mohamed Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation Nanomaterials exfoliated clay magnetic nanoparticles dye adsorption statistical modeling desorption |
| title | Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation |
| title_full | Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation |
| title_fullStr | Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation |
| title_short | Exfoliated Clay Decorated with Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Adsorption: Modeling and Physicochemical Interpretation |
| title_sort | exfoliated clay decorated with magnetic iron nanoparticles for crystal violet adsorption modeling and physicochemical interpretation |
| topic | exfoliated clay magnetic nanoparticles dye adsorption statistical modeling desorption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1454 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohamedabouelfetouhbarakat exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT rajeevkumar exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT moaazkoranyseliem exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT aliquranyselim exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT mohamedmobarak exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT ioannisanastopoulos exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT dimitriosgiannakoudakis exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT mariuszbarczak exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT adrianbonillapetriciolet exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation AT essamabdelrahmanmohamed exfoliatedclaydecoratedwithmagneticironnanoparticlesforcrystalvioletadsorptionmodelingandphysicochemicalinterpretation |