Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria
The burden of severe hearing impairment is increasing with two-thirds of these hearing impaired people residing in developing countries. Newborn hearing screening helps to identify early, babies who need intervention in order to prevent future disability. Neither universal nor targeted hearing scree...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2018.00194/full |
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| author | Adeyemi A. Labaeka Olukemi O. Tongo Olukemi O. Tongo Babatunde O. Ogunbosi Babatunde O. Ogunbosi James A. Fasunla James A. Fasunla |
| author_facet | Adeyemi A. Labaeka Olukemi O. Tongo Olukemi O. Tongo Babatunde O. Ogunbosi Babatunde O. Ogunbosi James A. Fasunla James A. Fasunla |
| author_sort | Adeyemi A. Labaeka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The burden of severe hearing impairment is increasing with two-thirds of these hearing impaired people residing in developing countries. Newborn hearing screening helps to identify early, babies who need intervention in order to prevent future disability. Neither universal nor targeted hearing screening programme is available in Nigeria.Objectives: This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of hearing impairment among high-risk newborns in UCH and the associated risk factors.Materials and Methods: Two hundred one newborns in the neonatal unit of UCH with risk factors for hearing impairment had hearing screening done using automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) at 30, 45, and 70 dB at admission and discharge, and those that failed screening at discharge were rescreened at 6 weeks post-discharge.Results: Eighty-three (41.3%) and 32 (15.9%) high-risk newborns failed at admission and discharge screening respectively, and 19 (9.5%) still failed at follow up screening. The majority of hearing loss at follow up was bilateral (94.7%) and severe (52.6%). The risk factors associated with persistent hearing loss at follow up were acute bilirubin encephalopathy (RR = 11.2, CI: 1.4–90.6), IVH (RR = 8.8, CI: 1.1–71.8), meningitis (RR = 4.8, CI: 1.01–29), recurrent apnoea (RR = 2.7, CI: 1.01–7.3), severe perinatal asphyxia NNE III (RR = 7, CI: 2.4–20.2).Conclusion: Severe and bilateral hearing impairment is a common complication among high risk newborns in UCH persisting till 6 weeks post-neonatal care. Severe perinatal asphyxia with NNE III, ABE, IVH, meningitis and administration of amikacin for more than 5 days were significant risk factors. We recommend that SCBU graduates with these risk factors should have mandatory audiologic evaluation at discharge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:44:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50d5aa17f3f84436a045243847b022c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:44:25Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-50d5aa17f3f84436a045243847b022c02022-12-22T01:06:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602018-07-01610.3389/fped.2018.00194350141Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, NigeriaAdeyemi A. Labaeka0Olukemi O. Tongo1Olukemi O. Tongo2Babatunde O. Ogunbosi3Babatunde O. Ogunbosi4James A. Fasunla5James A. Fasunla6Department of Paediatrics, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaThe burden of severe hearing impairment is increasing with two-thirds of these hearing impaired people residing in developing countries. Newborn hearing screening helps to identify early, babies who need intervention in order to prevent future disability. Neither universal nor targeted hearing screening programme is available in Nigeria.Objectives: This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of hearing impairment among high-risk newborns in UCH and the associated risk factors.Materials and Methods: Two hundred one newborns in the neonatal unit of UCH with risk factors for hearing impairment had hearing screening done using automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) at 30, 45, and 70 dB at admission and discharge, and those that failed screening at discharge were rescreened at 6 weeks post-discharge.Results: Eighty-three (41.3%) and 32 (15.9%) high-risk newborns failed at admission and discharge screening respectively, and 19 (9.5%) still failed at follow up screening. The majority of hearing loss at follow up was bilateral (94.7%) and severe (52.6%). The risk factors associated with persistent hearing loss at follow up were acute bilirubin encephalopathy (RR = 11.2, CI: 1.4–90.6), IVH (RR = 8.8, CI: 1.1–71.8), meningitis (RR = 4.8, CI: 1.01–29), recurrent apnoea (RR = 2.7, CI: 1.01–7.3), severe perinatal asphyxia NNE III (RR = 7, CI: 2.4–20.2).Conclusion: Severe and bilateral hearing impairment is a common complication among high risk newborns in UCH persisting till 6 weeks post-neonatal care. Severe perinatal asphyxia with NNE III, ABE, IVH, meningitis and administration of amikacin for more than 5 days were significant risk factors. We recommend that SCBU graduates with these risk factors should have mandatory audiologic evaluation at discharge.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2018.00194/fullhigh-risk newbornhearing impairmentauditory brainstem response (ABR)sensorineural hearing lossNigeria |
| spellingShingle | Adeyemi A. Labaeka Olukemi O. Tongo Olukemi O. Tongo Babatunde O. Ogunbosi Babatunde O. Ogunbosi James A. Fasunla James A. Fasunla Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria Frontiers in Pediatrics high-risk newborn hearing impairment auditory brainstem response (ABR) sensorineural hearing loss Nigeria |
| title | Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full | Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_short | Prevalence of Hearing Impairment Among High-Risk Newborns in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_sort | prevalence of hearing impairment among high risk newborns in ibadan nigeria |
| topic | high-risk newborn hearing impairment auditory brainstem response (ABR) sensorineural hearing loss Nigeria |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2018.00194/full |
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