Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting
For specialized applications, it is incumbent to develop new materials that enable manufacturers to develop new processes and designs. For better fuel economy, structural integrity, and lightweight applications, the development of bimetallic steel/aluminum (Al) alloys having a strong interfacial bon...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/3/324 |
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| author | Mohamed Ramadan Abdul Khaliq K. M. Hafez Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi Naglaa Fathy Farid A. Harraz Badreddine Ayadi K. S. Abdel Halim |
| author_facet | Mohamed Ramadan Abdul Khaliq K. M. Hafez Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi Naglaa Fathy Farid A. Harraz Badreddine Ayadi K. S. Abdel Halim |
| author_sort | Mohamed Ramadan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For specialized applications, it is incumbent to develop new materials that enable manufacturers to develop new processes and designs. For better fuel economy, structural integrity, and lightweight applications, the development of bimetallic steel/aluminum (Al) alloys having a strong interfacial bond is required. Therefore, a mild steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was investigated in this study. Firstly, a tin (Sn) interlayer was developed between the steel substrate and the Al-bearing alloy by the tinning process. For further improvement in the interfacial integrity, alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles were added to the Sn powder during the tinning process. Four different wt.% of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 were added and mixed thoroughly with Sn powder before mixing them with flux prior to the tinning process. Finally, molten Al-bearing alloy (Al–Sn-Si–Cu) was poured over the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles reinforced tinned steel substrate. A cross-section of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was prepared for optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and shear testing. The cross-section microstructure of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite revealed irregular and discontinuous interfacial layers in the case of the low-temperature (170 °C) tinning process. However, a uniform, continuous interfacial layer was fabricated during the tinning process when additional preheat to the steel substrate and tinning process was adopted. It can be reported that low Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles loading (0.25%) and steel substrate preheating were recommended for the better interfacial layer in the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:57:54Z |
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| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:57:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-50d7c21b4f104ae88fe90810f476129c2023-11-24T00:51:22ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522022-02-0112332410.3390/cryst12030324Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal CastingMohamed Ramadan0Abdul Khaliq1K. M. Hafez2Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi3Naglaa Fathy4Farid A. Harraz5Badreddine Ayadi6K. S. Abdel Halim7College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaCentral Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, EgyptCollege of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaCentral Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, EgyptCollege of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81441, Saudi ArabiaFor specialized applications, it is incumbent to develop new materials that enable manufacturers to develop new processes and designs. For better fuel economy, structural integrity, and lightweight applications, the development of bimetallic steel/aluminum (Al) alloys having a strong interfacial bond is required. Therefore, a mild steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was investigated in this study. Firstly, a tin (Sn) interlayer was developed between the steel substrate and the Al-bearing alloy by the tinning process. For further improvement in the interfacial integrity, alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles were added to the Sn powder during the tinning process. Four different wt.% of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 were added and mixed thoroughly with Sn powder before mixing them with flux prior to the tinning process. Finally, molten Al-bearing alloy (Al–Sn-Si–Cu) was poured over the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles reinforced tinned steel substrate. A cross-section of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite was prepared for optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and shear testing. The cross-section microstructure of the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite revealed irregular and discontinuous interfacial layers in the case of the low-temperature (170 °C) tinning process. However, a uniform, continuous interfacial layer was fabricated during the tinning process when additional preheat to the steel substrate and tinning process was adopted. It can be reported that low Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles loading (0.25%) and steel substrate preheating were recommended for the better interfacial layer in the steel/Al-bearing alloy bimetallic composite.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/3/324super bondingaluminumsteelbimetallicAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Ramadan Abdul Khaliq K. M. Hafez Abdulaziz S. Alghamdi Naglaa Fathy Farid A. Harraz Badreddine Ayadi K. S. Abdel Halim Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting Crystals super bonding aluminum steel bimetallic Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles |
| title | Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting |
| title_full | Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting |
| title_fullStr | Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting |
| title_short | Super Bonding Strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles Reinforced Sn Interlayer Steel/Aluminum Bimetal Casting |
| title_sort | super bonding strength of al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub nanoparticles reinforced sn interlayer steel aluminum bimetal casting |
| topic | super bonding aluminum steel bimetallic Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/3/324 |
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