Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases
Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a public health concern worldwide. The clinical manifestations include underweight and oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between oral pathologies and underweight among HIV-positive patients in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | BMC Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00835-z |
| _version_ | 1797275543760011264 |
|---|---|
| author | Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng Léonie Dapi Nzefa Djouwairiyatou Sali Claude Axel Minkandi Jean Yves Bevela Ariane Nouko Charly Etoa Ebogo |
| author_facet | Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng Léonie Dapi Nzefa Djouwairiyatou Sali Claude Axel Minkandi Jean Yves Bevela Ariane Nouko Charly Etoa Ebogo |
| author_sort | Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a public health concern worldwide. The clinical manifestations include underweight and oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between oral pathologies and underweight among HIV-positive patients in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study between February 1st and 30th June 2021 at Yaoundé Central Hospital in Cameroon. A total of 205 HIV positive patients aged at least 18 years were recruited via consecutive sampling. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic information, anthropometric data, dietary habits, HIV history and treatment and oral examination data. The data were analysed with R software. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the risk of being underweight among HIV-positive patients with oral pathologies. A p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results The prevalence of oral pathologies was 52.7% (95% CI: 45.6–59.6), and the main pathologies were candidiasis (40.5%, 95% CI: 33.7–47.5) and linear erythema (32.2%, 95% CI: 25.9–39.1). The prevalence of underweight was 20% (95% CI: 14.88–26.26). Binary logistic regression revealed that HIV-positive patients with oral pathologies were 10.89 (95% CI: 2.28–16.63) times more likely to be underweight than were HIV positive and AIDS patients without oral pathologies (p = 0.002). Conclusion Oral candidiasis and linear erythema were common in HIV positive and AIDS patients. HIV-positive and AIDS patients with these oral pathologies were at higher risk of being underweight than were those without oral pathologies. The effective medical care of these patients must include oral and nutritional management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-50fd275676a14825b86e3258302aa419 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-0928 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-50fd275676a14825b86e3258302aa4192024-03-05T17:55:59ZengBMCBMC Nutrition2055-09282024-02-011011810.1186/s40795-024-00835-zOral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 casesLionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng0Léonie Dapi Nzefa1Djouwairiyatou Sali2Claude Axel Minkandi3Jean Yves Bevela4Ariane Nouko5Charly Etoa Ebogo6Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Inst of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus UniversityDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé IAbstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a public health concern worldwide. The clinical manifestations include underweight and oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between oral pathologies and underweight among HIV-positive patients in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study between February 1st and 30th June 2021 at Yaoundé Central Hospital in Cameroon. A total of 205 HIV positive patients aged at least 18 years were recruited via consecutive sampling. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic information, anthropometric data, dietary habits, HIV history and treatment and oral examination data. The data were analysed with R software. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the risk of being underweight among HIV-positive patients with oral pathologies. A p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results The prevalence of oral pathologies was 52.7% (95% CI: 45.6–59.6), and the main pathologies were candidiasis (40.5%, 95% CI: 33.7–47.5) and linear erythema (32.2%, 95% CI: 25.9–39.1). The prevalence of underweight was 20% (95% CI: 14.88–26.26). Binary logistic regression revealed that HIV-positive patients with oral pathologies were 10.89 (95% CI: 2.28–16.63) times more likely to be underweight than were HIV positive and AIDS patients without oral pathologies (p = 0.002). Conclusion Oral candidiasis and linear erythema were common in HIV positive and AIDS patients. HIV-positive and AIDS patients with these oral pathologies were at higher risk of being underweight than were those without oral pathologies. The effective medical care of these patients must include oral and nutritional management.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00835-zCameroonOral pathologiesUnderweightHIV |
| spellingShingle | Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng Léonie Dapi Nzefa Djouwairiyatou Sali Claude Axel Minkandi Jean Yves Bevela Ariane Nouko Charly Etoa Ebogo Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases BMC Nutrition Cameroon Oral pathologies Underweight HIV |
| title | Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases |
| title_full | Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases |
| title_fullStr | Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases |
| title_short | Oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS in a health facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon: a study of 205 cases |
| title_sort | oral pathologies and underweight conditions among people living with hiv aids in a health facility in yaounde cameroon a study of 205 cases |
| topic | Cameroon Oral pathologies Underweight HIV |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00835-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lionelbertholdkeubouboukeng oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT leoniedapinzefa oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT djouwairiyatousali oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT claudeaxelminkandi oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT jeanyvesbevela oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT arianenouko oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases AT charlyetoaebogo oralpathologiesandunderweightconditionsamongpeoplelivingwithhivaidsinahealthfacilityinyaoundecameroonastudyof205cases |