Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity
We report the impact of drought stress on pearl millet during the early seedling stage and its survival mechanism. Drought stress imposed for a period of 7, 14 and 21 days showed considerable changes in morphophysiological attributes, which were evident by a decline in seedling elongation, fresh and...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/8/1171 |
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| author | Shuvasish Choudhury Debojyoti Moulick Dibakar Ghosh Mohamed Soliman Adel Alkhedaide Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain |
| author_facet | Shuvasish Choudhury Debojyoti Moulick Dibakar Ghosh Mohamed Soliman Adel Alkhedaide Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain |
| author_sort | Shuvasish Choudhury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report the impact of drought stress on pearl millet during the early seedling stage and its survival mechanism. Drought stress imposed for a period of 7, 14 and 21 days showed considerable changes in morphophysiological attributes, which were evident by a decline in seedling elongation, fresh and dry biomass, and relative water content (RWC) and degradation of chlorophyll pigment. Besides this, visible chlorosis lesions were observed in leaves as compared to the control. As compared to the respective controls, a nearly 60% decline in chlorophyll content was recorded after 14 and 21 days of drought stress. In both root and shoot, drought stress raised the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Both H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub><sup>●</sup><sup>−</sup> levels were significantly elevated along with a significant increase in lipid peroxidation in both roots and shoots, which clearly indicated ROS-induced oxidative stress. Concomitant with the increase in ROS levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in roots, membrane integrity was also lost, which clearly indicated ROS-induced peroxidation of membrane lipids. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants were significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). After 7, 14 and 21 days of drought stress, activities of all the antioxidant enzymes viz., catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were inhibited, clearly indicating a loss of antioxidant defense machinery. Likewise, the levels of ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels declined significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Our results reveal that, being tolerant to arid climatic conditions, pearl millet is highly susceptible to drought stress at the early seedling stage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:05:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5115a7f87c4d4379947a8255f4734274 |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:05:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-5115a7f87c4d4379947a8255f47342742023-11-30T21:49:10ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292022-07-01128117110.3390/life12081171Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants ActivityShuvasish Choudhury0Debojyoti Moulick1Dibakar Ghosh2Mohamed Soliman3Adel Alkhedaide4Ahmed Gaber5Akbar Hossain6Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, IndiaPlant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, IndiaICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751023, IndiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, BangladeshWe report the impact of drought stress on pearl millet during the early seedling stage and its survival mechanism. Drought stress imposed for a period of 7, 14 and 21 days showed considerable changes in morphophysiological attributes, which were evident by a decline in seedling elongation, fresh and dry biomass, and relative water content (RWC) and degradation of chlorophyll pigment. Besides this, visible chlorosis lesions were observed in leaves as compared to the control. As compared to the respective controls, a nearly 60% decline in chlorophyll content was recorded after 14 and 21 days of drought stress. In both root and shoot, drought stress raised the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Both H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub><sup>●</sup><sup>−</sup> levels were significantly elevated along with a significant increase in lipid peroxidation in both roots and shoots, which clearly indicated ROS-induced oxidative stress. Concomitant with the increase in ROS levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in roots, membrane integrity was also lost, which clearly indicated ROS-induced peroxidation of membrane lipids. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants were significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). After 7, 14 and 21 days of drought stress, activities of all the antioxidant enzymes viz., catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were inhibited, clearly indicating a loss of antioxidant defense machinery. Likewise, the levels of ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels declined significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Our results reveal that, being tolerant to arid climatic conditions, pearl millet is highly susceptible to drought stress at the early seedling stage.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/8/1171antioxidantsdroughtoxidative stresspearl milletredox implicationsROS |
| spellingShingle | Shuvasish Choudhury Debojyoti Moulick Dibakar Ghosh Mohamed Soliman Adel Alkhedaide Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity Life antioxidants drought oxidative stress pearl millet redox implications ROS |
| title | Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity |
| title_full | Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity |
| title_fullStr | Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity |
| title_short | Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pearl Millet (<i>Cenchrus americanus</i> L.) at Seedling Stage: Survival Mechanisms through Alteration of Morphophysiological and Antioxidants Activity |
| title_sort | drought induced oxidative stress in pearl millet i cenchrus americanus i l at seedling stage survival mechanisms through alteration of morphophysiological and antioxidants activity |
| topic | antioxidants drought oxidative stress pearl millet redox implications ROS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/8/1171 |
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