Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis
Abstract Background Mexico and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with gender-differentiated risk factors and access to prevention, diagnosis and care. However, the political agenda in LMICs as it relates to health and gender...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Health Research Policy and Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01125-7 |
| _version_ | 1827284016486678528 |
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| author | Emanuel Orozco-Núñez Enai Ojeda-Arroyo Nadia Cerecer-Ortiz Carlos M. Guerrero-López Beatriz M. Ramírez-Pérez Ileana Heredia-Pi Betania Allen-Leigh Emma Feeny Edson Serván-Mori |
| author_facet | Emanuel Orozco-Núñez Enai Ojeda-Arroyo Nadia Cerecer-Ortiz Carlos M. Guerrero-López Beatriz M. Ramírez-Pérez Ileana Heredia-Pi Betania Allen-Leigh Emma Feeny Edson Serván-Mori |
| author_sort | Emanuel Orozco-Núñez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mexico and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with gender-differentiated risk factors and access to prevention, diagnosis and care. However, the political agenda in LMICs as it relates to health and gender is primarily focused on sexual and reproductive health rights and preventing violence against women. This research article analyses public policies related to gender and NCDs, identifying political challenges in the current response to women’s health needs, and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care in Mexico. Methods We carried out a political mapping and stakeholder analysis during July–October of 2022, based on structured desk research and interviews with eighteen key stakeholders related to healthcare, gender and NCDs in Mexico. We used the PolicyMaker V5 software to identify obstacles and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care, from the perspective of the political stakeholders interviewed. Results We found as a political obstacle that policies and stakeholders addressing NCDs do not take a gender perspective, while policies and stakeholders addressing gender equality do not adequately consider NCDs. The gendered social and economic aspects of the NCD burden are not widely understood, and the multi-sectoral approach needed to address these aspects is lacking. Economic obstacles show that budget cuts exacerbated by the pandemic are a significant obstacle to social protection mechanisms to support those caring for people living with NCDs. Conclusions Moving towards an effective, equity-promoting health and social protection system requires the government to adopt an intersectoral, gender-based approach to the prevention and control of NCDs and the burden of NCD care. Despite significant resource constraints, policy innovation may be possible given the willingness among some stakeholders to collaborate, particularly in the labour and legal sectors. However, care will be needed to ensure the implementation of new policies has a positive impact on both gender equity and health outcomes. Research on successful approaches in other contexts can help to identify relevant learnings for Mexico. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:47:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-511d0499bf8944bfbbe5480b745f7dc3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-4505 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:47:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Research Policy and Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-511d0499bf8944bfbbe5480b745f7dc32024-04-14T11:32:58ZengBMCHealth Research Policy and Systems1478-45052024-04-0122111610.1186/s12961-024-01125-7Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysisEmanuel Orozco-Núñez0Enai Ojeda-Arroyo1Nadia Cerecer-Ortiz2Carlos M. Guerrero-López3Beatriz M. Ramírez-Pérez4Ileana Heredia-Pi5Betania Allen-Leigh6Emma Feeny7Edson Serván-Mori8Center for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthCenter for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthCenter for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthCenter for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthCLACSO’s Regional Working Group On International HealthCenter for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthCenter for Population Health Research, The National Institute of Public HealthThe George Institute for Global HealthCenter for Health Systems Research, The National Institute of Public HealthAbstract Background Mexico and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with gender-differentiated risk factors and access to prevention, diagnosis and care. However, the political agenda in LMICs as it relates to health and gender is primarily focused on sexual and reproductive health rights and preventing violence against women. This research article analyses public policies related to gender and NCDs, identifying political challenges in the current response to women’s health needs, and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care in Mexico. Methods We carried out a political mapping and stakeholder analysis during July–October of 2022, based on structured desk research and interviews with eighteen key stakeholders related to healthcare, gender and NCDs in Mexico. We used the PolicyMaker V5 software to identify obstacles and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care, from the perspective of the political stakeholders interviewed. Results We found as a political obstacle that policies and stakeholders addressing NCDs do not take a gender perspective, while policies and stakeholders addressing gender equality do not adequately consider NCDs. The gendered social and economic aspects of the NCD burden are not widely understood, and the multi-sectoral approach needed to address these aspects is lacking. Economic obstacles show that budget cuts exacerbated by the pandemic are a significant obstacle to social protection mechanisms to support those caring for people living with NCDs. Conclusions Moving towards an effective, equity-promoting health and social protection system requires the government to adopt an intersectoral, gender-based approach to the prevention and control of NCDs and the burden of NCD care. Despite significant resource constraints, policy innovation may be possible given the willingness among some stakeholders to collaborate, particularly in the labour and legal sectors. However, care will be needed to ensure the implementation of new policies has a positive impact on both gender equity and health outcomes. Research on successful approaches in other contexts can help to identify relevant learnings for Mexico.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01125-7GenderNon-communicable diseasesStakeholder analysisPolitical mappingHealth policySocial protection |
| spellingShingle | Emanuel Orozco-Núñez Enai Ojeda-Arroyo Nadia Cerecer-Ortiz Carlos M. Guerrero-López Beatriz M. Ramírez-Pérez Ileana Heredia-Pi Betania Allen-Leigh Emma Feeny Edson Serván-Mori Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis Health Research Policy and Systems Gender Non-communicable diseases Stakeholder analysis Political mapping Health policy Social protection |
| title | Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| title_full | Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| title_fullStr | Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| title_short | Gender and non-communicable diseases in Mexico: a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| title_sort | gender and non communicable diseases in mexico a political mapping and stakeholder analysis |
| topic | Gender Non-communicable diseases Stakeholder analysis Political mapping Health policy Social protection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01125-7 |
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