Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers
Ethiopian mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) is currently one of the potential oilseeds dedicated to the production for biofuel and other bio-industrial applications. The crop is assumed to be native to Ethiopia where a number of diversified <i>B. carinata</i> germpl...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1757 |
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| author | Misteru Tesfaye Tileye Feyissa Teklehaimanot Hailesilassie Selvaraju Kanagarajan Li-Hua Zhu |
| author_facet | Misteru Tesfaye Tileye Feyissa Teklehaimanot Hailesilassie Selvaraju Kanagarajan Li-Hua Zhu |
| author_sort | Misteru Tesfaye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ethiopian mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) is currently one of the potential oilseeds dedicated to the production for biofuel and other bio-industrial applications. The crop is assumed to be native to Ethiopia where a number of diversified <i>B. carinata</i> germplasms are found and conserved <i>ex situ</i>. However, there is very limited information on the genetic diversity and population structure of the species. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes of different origins using high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We used Brassica 90K Illumina Infinium<sup>TM</sup> SNP array for genotyping 90 <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes, and a total of 11,499 informative SNP markers were used for investigating the population structure and genetic diversity. The structure analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PcoA) and neighbor-joining tree analysis clustered the 90 <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes into two distinct subpopulations (Pop1 and Pop2). The majority of accessions (65%) were clustered in Pop1, mainly obtained from Oromia and South West Ethiopian People (SWEP) regions. Pop2 constituted dominantly of breeding lines and varieties, implying target selection contributed to the formation of distinct populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher genetic variation (93%) within populations than between populations (7%), with low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 0.07) and poor correlation between genetic and geographical distance (R = 0.02). This implies the presence of gene flow (Nm > 1) and weak geographical structure of accessions. Genetic diversity indices showed the presence of moderate genetic diversity in <i>B. carinata</i> populations with an average genetic diversity value (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i> = 0.31) and polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.26). The findings of this study provide important and relevant information for future breeding and conservation efforts of <i>B. carinata</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:43:19Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:43:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-512c9c274045422a86c65dc45ef96ca02023-11-19T10:53:17ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-09-01149175710.3390/genes14091757Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism MarkersMisteru Tesfaye0Tileye Feyissa1Teklehaimanot Hailesilassie2Selvaraju Kanagarajan3Li-Hua Zhu4Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, 234 22 Lomma, SwedenInstitute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, EthiopiaInstitute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, EthiopiaDepartment of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, 234 22 Lomma, SwedenDepartment of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, 234 22 Lomma, SwedenEthiopian mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) is currently one of the potential oilseeds dedicated to the production for biofuel and other bio-industrial applications. The crop is assumed to be native to Ethiopia where a number of diversified <i>B. carinata</i> germplasms are found and conserved <i>ex situ</i>. However, there is very limited information on the genetic diversity and population structure of the species. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes of different origins using high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We used Brassica 90K Illumina Infinium<sup>TM</sup> SNP array for genotyping 90 <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes, and a total of 11,499 informative SNP markers were used for investigating the population structure and genetic diversity. The structure analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PcoA) and neighbor-joining tree analysis clustered the 90 <i>B. carinata</i> genotypes into two distinct subpopulations (Pop1 and Pop2). The majority of accessions (65%) were clustered in Pop1, mainly obtained from Oromia and South West Ethiopian People (SWEP) regions. Pop2 constituted dominantly of breeding lines and varieties, implying target selection contributed to the formation of distinct populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher genetic variation (93%) within populations than between populations (7%), with low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 0.07) and poor correlation between genetic and geographical distance (R = 0.02). This implies the presence of gene flow (Nm > 1) and weak geographical structure of accessions. Genetic diversity indices showed the presence of moderate genetic diversity in <i>B. carinata</i> populations with an average genetic diversity value (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i> = 0.31) and polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.26). The findings of this study provide important and relevant information for future breeding and conservation efforts of <i>B. carinata</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1757<i>Brassica carinata</i>genetic diversitypopulation structuresingle nucleotide polymorphism marker |
| spellingShingle | Misteru Tesfaye Tileye Feyissa Teklehaimanot Hailesilassie Selvaraju Kanagarajan Li-Hua Zhu Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers Genes <i>Brassica carinata</i> genetic diversity population structure single nucleotide polymorphism marker |
| title | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Ethiopian Mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i> A. Braun) as Revealed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers |
| title_sort | genetic diversity and population structure in ethiopian mustard i brassica carinata i a braun as revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism markers |
| topic | <i>Brassica carinata</i> genetic diversity population structure single nucleotide polymorphism marker |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/9/1757 |
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