Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal

ABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for...

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Main Authors: Diogo Mendes de Paiva, Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães, Breno Cardoso Teixeira, Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Series:Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=en
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author Diogo Mendes de Paiva
Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães
Breno Cardoso Teixeira
Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti
author_facet Diogo Mendes de Paiva
Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães
Breno Cardoso Teixeira
Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti
author_sort Diogo Mendes de Paiva
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for N supply. Thus, charcoal obtained from eucalyptus wood was functionalized with different HNO3 concentrations and reaction times. Ammonia adsorption by CHox was evaluated in chambers with high NH3 concentrations. Dry matter yield, N uptake, and apparent N recovery efficiency of corn plants were evaluated after the application of the urea-CHox mixture to soil in a greenhouse experiment. The properties of CHox, such as pH, isoelectric point, and total acidity (carboxylic and phenolics groups) depended on the HNO3 concentration but were not influenced by the reaction time. The NH3 adsorption by the functionalized charcoal showed a positive correlation with the quantity of carboxylic and phenolic groups and a negative correlation with the pH value and the isoelectric point. The small differences observed in dry matter yield, N accumulation, and apparent N recovery efficiency among the corn plants from urea mixed with CHox or humic acids derived from charcoal (AHCH) are not sufficient to determine the higher efficiency of these sources.
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spelling doaj.art-5136ee96688147c79a80a3baaa95b6492022-12-21T22:35:54ZengSociedade Brasileira de Ciência do SoloRevista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo1806-96574310.1590/18069657rbcs20180200S0100-06832019000100305Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of CharcoalDiogo Mendes de PaivaGelton Geraldo Fernandes GuimarãesBreno Cardoso TeixeiraReinaldo Bertola CantaruttiABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for N supply. Thus, charcoal obtained from eucalyptus wood was functionalized with different HNO3 concentrations and reaction times. Ammonia adsorption by CHox was evaluated in chambers with high NH3 concentrations. Dry matter yield, N uptake, and apparent N recovery efficiency of corn plants were evaluated after the application of the urea-CHox mixture to soil in a greenhouse experiment. The properties of CHox, such as pH, isoelectric point, and total acidity (carboxylic and phenolics groups) depended on the HNO3 concentration but were not influenced by the reaction time. The NH3 adsorption by the functionalized charcoal showed a positive correlation with the quantity of carboxylic and phenolic groups and a negative correlation with the pH value and the isoelectric point. The small differences observed in dry matter yield, N accumulation, and apparent N recovery efficiency among the corn plants from urea mixed with CHox or humic acids derived from charcoal (AHCH) are not sufficient to determine the higher efficiency of these sources.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=enbiocharNH3 adsorptionNH3 volatilizationefficient fertilization
spellingShingle Diogo Mendes de Paiva
Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães
Breno Cardoso Teixeira
Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti
Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
biochar
NH3 adsorption
NH3 volatilization
efficient fertilization
title Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
title_full Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
title_fullStr Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
title_full_unstemmed Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
title_short Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
title_sort value of functionalized charcoal for increasing the efficiency of urea n uptake insights into the functionalization process and the physicochemical characteristics of charcoal
topic biochar
NH3 adsorption
NH3 volatilization
efficient fertilization
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=en
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