Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal
ABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
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Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=en |
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author | Diogo Mendes de Paiva Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães Breno Cardoso Teixeira Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti |
author_facet | Diogo Mendes de Paiva Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães Breno Cardoso Teixeira Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti |
author_sort | Diogo Mendes de Paiva |
collection | DOAJ |
description | ABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for N supply. Thus, charcoal obtained from eucalyptus wood was functionalized with different HNO3 concentrations and reaction times. Ammonia adsorption by CHox was evaluated in chambers with high NH3 concentrations. Dry matter yield, N uptake, and apparent N recovery efficiency of corn plants were evaluated after the application of the urea-CHox mixture to soil in a greenhouse experiment. The properties of CHox, such as pH, isoelectric point, and total acidity (carboxylic and phenolics groups) depended on the HNO3 concentration but were not influenced by the reaction time. The NH3 adsorption by the functionalized charcoal showed a positive correlation with the quantity of carboxylic and phenolic groups and a negative correlation with the pH value and the isoelectric point. The small differences observed in dry matter yield, N accumulation, and apparent N recovery efficiency among the corn plants from urea mixed with CHox or humic acids derived from charcoal (AHCH) are not sufficient to determine the higher efficiency of these sources. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:57:03Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-5136ee96688147c79a80a3baaa95b649 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1806-9657 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:57:03Z |
publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
record_format | Article |
series | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
spelling | doaj.art-5136ee96688147c79a80a3baaa95b6492022-12-21T22:35:54ZengSociedade Brasileira de Ciência do SoloRevista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo1806-96574310.1590/18069657rbcs20180200S0100-06832019000100305Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of CharcoalDiogo Mendes de PaivaGelton Geraldo Fernandes GuimarãesBreno Cardoso TeixeiraReinaldo Bertola CantaruttiABSTRACT Functionalized charcoal (CHox) incorporated into urea is known for its ability to reduce NH3 volatilization and increase agronomic efficiency. However, it is important to optimize the functionalization process and to elucidate its relationship with the physicochemical properties of CHox for N supply. Thus, charcoal obtained from eucalyptus wood was functionalized with different HNO3 concentrations and reaction times. Ammonia adsorption by CHox was evaluated in chambers with high NH3 concentrations. Dry matter yield, N uptake, and apparent N recovery efficiency of corn plants were evaluated after the application of the urea-CHox mixture to soil in a greenhouse experiment. The properties of CHox, such as pH, isoelectric point, and total acidity (carboxylic and phenolics groups) depended on the HNO3 concentration but were not influenced by the reaction time. The NH3 adsorption by the functionalized charcoal showed a positive correlation with the quantity of carboxylic and phenolic groups and a negative correlation with the pH value and the isoelectric point. The small differences observed in dry matter yield, N accumulation, and apparent N recovery efficiency among the corn plants from urea mixed with CHox or humic acids derived from charcoal (AHCH) are not sufficient to determine the higher efficiency of these sources.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=enbiocharNH3 adsorptionNH3 volatilizationefficient fertilization |
spellingShingle | Diogo Mendes de Paiva Gelton Geraldo Fernandes Guimarães Breno Cardoso Teixeira Reinaldo Bertola Cantarutti Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo biochar NH3 adsorption NH3 volatilization efficient fertilization |
title | Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal |
title_full | Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal |
title_fullStr | Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal |
title_full_unstemmed | Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal |
title_short | Value of Functionalized Charcoal for Increasing the Efficiency of Urea N Uptake: Insights into the Functionalization Process and the Physicochemical Characteristics of Charcoal |
title_sort | value of functionalized charcoal for increasing the efficiency of urea n uptake insights into the functionalization process and the physicochemical characteristics of charcoal |
topic | biochar NH3 adsorption NH3 volatilization efficient fertilization |
url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100305&lng=en&tlng=en |
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