Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results
After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 m...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/22/5565 |
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| author | Petra A. Custers Monique Maas Doenja M. J. Lambregts Regina G. H. Beets-Tan Geerard L. Beets Femke P. Peters Corrie A. M. Marijnen Monique E. van Leerdam Inge L. Huibregtse Baukelien van Triest |
| author_facet | Petra A. Custers Monique Maas Doenja M. J. Lambregts Regina G. H. Beets-Tan Geerard L. Beets Femke P. Peters Corrie A. M. Marijnen Monique E. van Leerdam Inge L. Huibregtse Baukelien van Triest |
| author_sort | Petra A. Custers |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and “reactive” mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:26:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5156bb50d7ae4adf885fa801937afc8f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:26:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-5156bb50d7ae4adf885fa801937afc8f2023-11-24T07:53:15ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-11-011422556510.3390/cancers14225565Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative ResultsPetra A. Custers0Monique Maas1Doenja M. J. Lambregts2Regina G. H. Beets-Tan3Geerard L. Beets4Femke P. Peters5Corrie A. M. Marijnen6Monique E. van Leerdam7Inge L. Huibregtse8Baukelien van Triest9Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsGROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Gastroenterology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Gastroenterology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsAfter neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for rectal cancer, contact X-ray brachytherapy (CXB) can be applied aiming at organ preservation. This explorative study describes the early features on endoscopy and MRI after CXB. Patients treated with CXB following (chemo)radiotherapy and a follow-up of ≥12 months were selected. Endoscopy and MRI were performed every 3 months. Expert readers scored all the images according to structured reporting templates. Thirty-six patients were included, 15 of whom obtained a cCR. On endoscopy, the most frequently observed feature early in follow-up was an ulcer, regardless of whether patients developed a cCR. A flat, white scar and tumor mass were common at 6 months. Focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI and mass-like high signal on DWI were generally absent in patients with a cCR. An ulceration on T2W-MRI and “reactive” mucosal signal on DWI were observed early in follow-up regardless of the final tumor response. The distinction between a cCR and a residual tumor generally can be made at 6 months. Features associated with a residual tumor are tumor mass on endoscopy, focal tumor signal on T2W-MRI, and mass-like high signal on DWI. Early recognition of these features is necessary to identify patients who will not develop a cCR as early as possible.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/22/5565rectal cancerorgan preservationcontact X-ray brachytherapyimagingMRIendoscopy |
| spellingShingle | Petra A. Custers Monique Maas Doenja M. J. Lambregts Regina G. H. Beets-Tan Geerard L. Beets Femke P. Peters Corrie A. M. Marijnen Monique E. van Leerdam Inge L. Huibregtse Baukelien van Triest Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results Cancers rectal cancer organ preservation contact X-ray brachytherapy imaging MRI endoscopy |
| title | Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results |
| title_full | Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results |
| title_fullStr | Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results |
| title_short | Features on Endoscopy and MRI after Treatment with Contact X-ray Brachytherapy for Rectal Cancer: Explorative Results |
| title_sort | features on endoscopy and mri after treatment with contact x ray brachytherapy for rectal cancer explorative results |
| topic | rectal cancer organ preservation contact X-ray brachytherapy imaging MRI endoscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/22/5565 |
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