Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids
In recent years, tremendous advancements have been made in various technologies such as far-infrared, low-frequency Raman, and two-dimensional (2D) Raman terahertz (THz) spectroscopies. A coherent method has emerged from numerous experimental and theoretical investigations of molecular dynamics in l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9424 |
| _version_ | 1827642401220460544 |
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| author | Minghao Zhang Wen Xiao Cunlin Zhang Liangliang Zhang |
| author_facet | Minghao Zhang Wen Xiao Cunlin Zhang Liangliang Zhang |
| author_sort | Minghao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, tremendous advancements have been made in various technologies such as far-infrared, low-frequency Raman, and two-dimensional (2D) Raman terahertz (THz) spectroscopies. A coherent method has emerged from numerous experimental and theoretical investigations of molecular dynamics in liquids by comparing linear and non-linear spectroscopic techniques. Intermolecular hydrogen bond vibration, molecular reorientation motion, and interaction between molecule/ionic solute and hydrogen bonds have been demonstrated to occur in the THz region, which are closely related to their physical/chemical properties and structural dynamics. However, precise probing of various modes of motion is difficult because of the complexity of the collective and cooperative motion of molecules and spectral overlap of related modes. With the development of THz science and technology, current state-of-the-art THz sources can generate pulsed electric fields with peak intensities of the order of microvolts per centimeter (MV/cm). Such strong fields enable the use of THz waves as the light source for non-linear polarization of the medium and in turn leads to the development of the emerging THz Kerr effect (TKE) technique. Many low-frequency molecular motions, such as the collective directional motion of molecules and cooperative motion under the constraint of weak intermolecular interactions, are resonantly excited by an intense THz electric field. Thus, the TKE technique provides an interesting prospect for investigating low-frequency dynamics of different media. In view of this, this paper first summarizes the research work on TKE spectroscopy by taking a solid material without low-frequency molecular motions as an example. Starting from the principle of TKE technology and its application in investigating the properties of solid matter, we have explored the low-frequency molecular dynamics of liquid water and aqueous solutions using TKE. Liquid water is a core of life and possesses many extraordinary physical and biochemical properties. The hydrogen bond network plays a crucial role in these properties and is the main reason for its various kinetic and thermodynamic properties, which differ from those of other liquids. However, the structure of the hydrogen bond network between water and solutes is not well known. Therefore, evaluating the hydrogen bond-related kinetic properties of liquid water is important. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:31:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51584bcdac13449b94a6a4ad90406d93 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:31:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-51584bcdac13449b94a6a4ad90406d932023-11-24T12:14:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012223942410.3390/s22239424Terahertz Kerr Effect of LiquidsMinghao Zhang0Wen Xiao1Cunlin Zhang2Liangliang Zhang3Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics (MoE), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, ChinaKey Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics (MoE), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, ChinaKey Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics (MoE), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, ChinaKey Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics (MoE), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, ChinaIn recent years, tremendous advancements have been made in various technologies such as far-infrared, low-frequency Raman, and two-dimensional (2D) Raman terahertz (THz) spectroscopies. A coherent method has emerged from numerous experimental and theoretical investigations of molecular dynamics in liquids by comparing linear and non-linear spectroscopic techniques. Intermolecular hydrogen bond vibration, molecular reorientation motion, and interaction between molecule/ionic solute and hydrogen bonds have been demonstrated to occur in the THz region, which are closely related to their physical/chemical properties and structural dynamics. However, precise probing of various modes of motion is difficult because of the complexity of the collective and cooperative motion of molecules and spectral overlap of related modes. With the development of THz science and technology, current state-of-the-art THz sources can generate pulsed electric fields with peak intensities of the order of microvolts per centimeter (MV/cm). Such strong fields enable the use of THz waves as the light source for non-linear polarization of the medium and in turn leads to the development of the emerging THz Kerr effect (TKE) technique. Many low-frequency molecular motions, such as the collective directional motion of molecules and cooperative motion under the constraint of weak intermolecular interactions, are resonantly excited by an intense THz electric field. Thus, the TKE technique provides an interesting prospect for investigating low-frequency dynamics of different media. In view of this, this paper first summarizes the research work on TKE spectroscopy by taking a solid material without low-frequency molecular motions as an example. Starting from the principle of TKE technology and its application in investigating the properties of solid matter, we have explored the low-frequency molecular dynamics of liquid water and aqueous solutions using TKE. Liquid water is a core of life and possesses many extraordinary physical and biochemical properties. The hydrogen bond network plays a crucial role in these properties and is the main reason for its various kinetic and thermodynamic properties, which differ from those of other liquids. However, the structure of the hydrogen bond network between water and solutes is not well known. Therefore, evaluating the hydrogen bond-related kinetic properties of liquid water is important.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9424terahertz waveKerr effectliquid waterhydrogen bondaqueous solution |
| spellingShingle | Minghao Zhang Wen Xiao Cunlin Zhang Liangliang Zhang Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids Sensors terahertz wave Kerr effect liquid water hydrogen bond aqueous solution |
| title | Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids |
| title_full | Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids |
| title_fullStr | Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids |
| title_short | Terahertz Kerr Effect of Liquids |
| title_sort | terahertz kerr effect of liquids |
| topic | terahertz wave Kerr effect liquid water hydrogen bond aqueous solution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/23/9424 |
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