Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IA...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/12/1338 |
| _version_ | 1827671223864131584 |
|---|---|
| author | Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu Roxana Elena Bohiltea Octavian Munteanu Florentina Furtunescu Antonia-Carmen Lisievici Corina Grigoriu Florentina Gherghiceanu Emilia Maria Vlădăreanu Costin Berceanu Ionita Ducu Ana-Maria Iordache |
| author_facet | Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu Roxana Elena Bohiltea Octavian Munteanu Florentina Furtunescu Antonia-Carmen Lisievici Corina Grigoriu Florentina Gherghiceanu Emilia Maria Vlădăreanu Costin Berceanu Ionita Ducu Ana-Maria Iordache |
| author_sort | Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the approach in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours is to use the same terminology for NENs at all body sites. The main concept of this novel classification framework is to align it to all other body sites and make a clear distinction between well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). The previous WHO Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours featured more or less the same principle, but used the terms ‘low-grade neuroendocrine tumor’ and ‘high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma’. Regardless of the terminology used, each of these two main categories include two distinct morphological subtypes: NETs are represented by typical and atypical carcinoid and NEC are represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). High-grade NECs, especially small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma tends to be more frequent in the uterine cervix, followed by the endometrium, while low-grade NETs usually occur in the ovary. NENs of the vulva, vagina and fallopian tube are exceptionally rare, with scattered case reports in the scientific literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:36:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5163f45145374d3bbdf1776c336a4dfe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:36:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-5163f45145374d3bbdf1776c336a4dfe2023-11-23T09:28:36ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-12-015712133810.3390/medicina57121338Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic TractTiberiu-Augustin Georgescu0Roxana Elena Bohiltea1Octavian Munteanu2Florentina Furtunescu3Antonia-Carmen Lisievici4Corina Grigoriu5Florentina Gherghiceanu6Emilia Maria Vlădăreanu7Costin Berceanu8Ionita Ducu9Ana-Maria Iordache10Discipline of Pathology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDiscipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Public Health and Management, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDiscipline of Pathology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDiscipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Marketing and Medical Technology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 37 Dionisie Lupu, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, RomaniaOptospintronics Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Optoelectronics-INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor, 077125 Magurele, RomaniaNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the approach in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours is to use the same terminology for NENs at all body sites. The main concept of this novel classification framework is to align it to all other body sites and make a clear distinction between well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). The previous WHO Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours featured more or less the same principle, but used the terms ‘low-grade neuroendocrine tumor’ and ‘high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma’. Regardless of the terminology used, each of these two main categories include two distinct morphological subtypes: NETs are represented by typical and atypical carcinoid and NEC are represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). High-grade NECs, especially small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma tends to be more frequent in the uterine cervix, followed by the endometrium, while low-grade NETs usually occur in the ovary. NENs of the vulva, vagina and fallopian tube are exceptionally rare, with scattered case reports in the scientific literature.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/12/1338neuroendocrine tumorsgynecologic tractovarian carcinoid |
| spellingShingle | Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu Roxana Elena Bohiltea Octavian Munteanu Florentina Furtunescu Antonia-Carmen Lisievici Corina Grigoriu Florentina Gherghiceanu Emilia Maria Vlădăreanu Costin Berceanu Ionita Ducu Ana-Maria Iordache Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract Medicina neuroendocrine tumors gynecologic tract ovarian carcinoid |
| title | Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract |
| title_full | Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract |
| title_short | Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract |
| title_sort | emerging therapeutic concepts and latest diagnostic advancements regarding neuroendocrine tumors of the gynecologic tract |
| topic | neuroendocrine tumors gynecologic tract ovarian carcinoid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/12/1338 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tiberiuaugustingeorgescu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT roxanaelenabohiltea emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT octavianmunteanu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT florentinafurtunescu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT antoniacarmenlisievici emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT corinagrigoriu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT florentinagherghiceanu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT emiliamariavladareanu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT costinberceanu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT ionitaducu emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract AT anamariaiordache emergingtherapeuticconceptsandlatestdiagnosticadvancementsregardingneuroendocrinetumorsofthegynecologictract |