Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile
Identifying the particular guilds of herbivore arthropods that affect the production of crops is key to developing sustainable pest-management strategies; however, there is incomplete information about the identity of herbivore arthropods that could potentially damage the production of both highland...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/12/2811 |
| _version_ | 1797501302699196416 |
|---|---|
| author | Rodrigo A. Chorbadjian María I. Ahumada Francisco Urra Mario Elgueta Todd M. Gilligan |
| author_facet | Rodrigo A. Chorbadjian María I. Ahumada Francisco Urra Mario Elgueta Todd M. Gilligan |
| author_sort | Rodrigo A. Chorbadjian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Identifying the particular guilds of herbivore arthropods that affect the production of crops is key to developing sustainable pest-management strategies; however, there is incomplete information about the identity of herbivore arthropods that could potentially damage the production of both highland and lowland quinoa landraces grown in Chile. By both reviewing the literature and conducting field collections across a large latitudinal gradient, we generated an updated list of 43 herbivore arthropods associated with quinoa production in Chile. In general, most species are polyphagous feeders, and only seven are specialists. The number and identity of species varied in relation with the latitude, such that four distinctive assemblages of herbivores were identified, each containing 32, 27, 34, and 22 species between latitudes 18–26, 26–32, 32–40, and 40–44° S, respectively. The most northern production area (18–26° S) is affected by nine unique species, including the major quinoa pest <i>Eurysacca quinoae</i> Povolný (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Similarly, the central area (32–40° S) contains four unique species, including <i>Eurysacca media</i> Povolný (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and <i>Orthotylus flavosparsus</i> (Sahlberg) (Hemiptera: Miridae). The particular species assemblages described here will help further development of local pest-management practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:16:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51697aed2cdb494895bde6cbf24178f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:16:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-51697aed2cdb494895bde6cbf24178f42023-11-23T10:13:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-12-011012281110.3390/plants10122811Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of ChileRodrigo A. Chorbadjian0María I. Ahumada1Francisco Urra2Mario Elgueta3Todd M. Gilligan4Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, ChileSección Entomología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago 7820436, ChileSección Entomología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago 7820436, ChileUSDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science and Technology, Identification Technology Program, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USAIdentifying the particular guilds of herbivore arthropods that affect the production of crops is key to developing sustainable pest-management strategies; however, there is incomplete information about the identity of herbivore arthropods that could potentially damage the production of both highland and lowland quinoa landraces grown in Chile. By both reviewing the literature and conducting field collections across a large latitudinal gradient, we generated an updated list of 43 herbivore arthropods associated with quinoa production in Chile. In general, most species are polyphagous feeders, and only seven are specialists. The number and identity of species varied in relation with the latitude, such that four distinctive assemblages of herbivores were identified, each containing 32, 27, 34, and 22 species between latitudes 18–26, 26–32, 32–40, and 40–44° S, respectively. The most northern production area (18–26° S) is affected by nine unique species, including the major quinoa pest <i>Eurysacca quinoae</i> Povolný (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Similarly, the central area (32–40° S) contains four unique species, including <i>Eurysacca media</i> Povolný (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and <i>Orthotylus flavosparsus</i> (Sahlberg) (Hemiptera: Miridae). The particular species assemblages described here will help further development of local pest-management practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/12/2811insectspestsquinoadistributionChile |
| spellingShingle | Rodrigo A. Chorbadjian María I. Ahumada Francisco Urra Mario Elgueta Todd M. Gilligan Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile Plants insects pests quinoa distribution Chile |
| title | Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile |
| title_full | Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile |
| title_fullStr | Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile |
| title_short | Biogeographical Patterns of Herbivore Arthropods Associated with <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Grown along the Latitudinal Gradient of Chile |
| title_sort | biogeographical patterns of herbivore arthropods associated with i chenopodium quinoa i grown along the latitudinal gradient of chile |
| topic | insects pests quinoa distribution Chile |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/12/2811 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rodrigoachorbadjian biogeographicalpatternsofherbivorearthropodsassociatedwithichenopodiumquinoaigrownalongthelatitudinalgradientofchile AT mariaiahumada biogeographicalpatternsofherbivorearthropodsassociatedwithichenopodiumquinoaigrownalongthelatitudinalgradientofchile AT franciscourra biogeographicalpatternsofherbivorearthropodsassociatedwithichenopodiumquinoaigrownalongthelatitudinalgradientofchile AT marioelgueta biogeographicalpatternsofherbivorearthropodsassociatedwithichenopodiumquinoaigrownalongthelatitudinalgradientofchile AT toddmgilligan biogeographicalpatternsofherbivorearthropodsassociatedwithichenopodiumquinoaigrownalongthelatitudinalgradientofchile |