Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
There is little evidence in children and adolescents with obesity of the relationships between muscle strength/cardiorespiratory fitness (both components of health-related fitness = HRF) and body composition. Body composition and HRF were studied in 281 children and adolescents with obesity to explo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Children |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1943 |
| _version_ | 1797460872350662656 |
|---|---|
| author | Giada Ballarin Maria Rosaria Licenziati Paola Alicante Olivia Di Vincenzo Giuliana Valerio Luca Scalfi |
| author_facet | Giada Ballarin Maria Rosaria Licenziati Paola Alicante Olivia Di Vincenzo Giuliana Valerio Luca Scalfi |
| author_sort | Giada Ballarin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is little evidence in children and adolescents with obesity of the relationships between muscle strength/cardiorespiratory fitness (both components of health-related fitness = HRF) and body composition. Body composition and HRF were studied in 281 children and adolescents with obesity to explore their mutual relationship and to identify the predictors of HRF. By performing a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), the fat-free mass (FFM) and percentage of body fat (%BF) were calculated, and the phase angle (PhA) was recorded. Handgrip strength (HGS), the standard broad jump (SBJ), and five broad jumps (FIVEBJ) were considered for the assessment of muscle strength, and the six-minute walking distance (SIXMWD) for cardiorespiratory fitness. The BMI Z-score was slightly higher in boys, and the %BF was higher in girls, with no difference in the FFM. HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ were greater in the male sex. After controlling for sex, HGS was associated with the FFM, and with height, weight, and absolute BMI. On the contrary, the SBJ and FIVEBJ were negatively associated with adiposity, with a weak relationship with the FFM. The SIXMWD was only poorly related to height, the BMI Z-score, and the waist-to-height ratio. These results were confirmed with a multiple regression analysis. HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ were higher in the first compared to the third tertile of the PhA in both sexes. The PhA also remained a consistent predictor of HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ in a multiple regression analysis. In conclusion, the following predictors have been identified for HRF: the FFM for the isometric strength of the upper limbs and adiposity indicators for the SBJ and FIVEBJ. The PhA emerged as a proxy index of muscle strength. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:11:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5170dda1fd8d4d2288877f6fba19016b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:11:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-5170dda1fd8d4d2288877f6fba19016b2023-11-24T14:02:24ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672022-12-01912194310.3390/children9121943Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with ObesityGiada Ballarin0Maria Rosaria Licenziati1Paola Alicante2Olivia Di Vincenzo3Giuliana Valerio4Luca Scalfi5Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, ItalyObesity and Endocrine Disease Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, ItalyThere is little evidence in children and adolescents with obesity of the relationships between muscle strength/cardiorespiratory fitness (both components of health-related fitness = HRF) and body composition. Body composition and HRF were studied in 281 children and adolescents with obesity to explore their mutual relationship and to identify the predictors of HRF. By performing a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), the fat-free mass (FFM) and percentage of body fat (%BF) were calculated, and the phase angle (PhA) was recorded. Handgrip strength (HGS), the standard broad jump (SBJ), and five broad jumps (FIVEBJ) were considered for the assessment of muscle strength, and the six-minute walking distance (SIXMWD) for cardiorespiratory fitness. The BMI Z-score was slightly higher in boys, and the %BF was higher in girls, with no difference in the FFM. HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ were greater in the male sex. After controlling for sex, HGS was associated with the FFM, and with height, weight, and absolute BMI. On the contrary, the SBJ and FIVEBJ were negatively associated with adiposity, with a weak relationship with the FFM. The SIXMWD was only poorly related to height, the BMI Z-score, and the waist-to-height ratio. These results were confirmed with a multiple regression analysis. HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ were higher in the first compared to the third tertile of the PhA in both sexes. The PhA also remained a consistent predictor of HGS, the SBJ, and FIVEBJ in a multiple regression analysis. In conclusion, the following predictors have been identified for HRF: the FFM for the isometric strength of the upper limbs and adiposity indicators for the SBJ and FIVEBJ. The PhA emerged as a proxy index of muscle strength.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1943obesityhealth-related physical fitnesscardiorespiratory fitnessstrengthchildhood |
| spellingShingle | Giada Ballarin Maria Rosaria Licenziati Paola Alicante Olivia Di Vincenzo Giuliana Valerio Luca Scalfi Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity Children obesity health-related physical fitness cardiorespiratory fitness strength childhood |
| title | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity |
| title_full | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity |
| title_fullStr | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity |
| title_short | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-Derived Phase Angle and Body Composition Are Predictors of Health-Related Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Obesity |
| title_sort | bioelectrical impedance analysis derived phase angle and body composition are predictors of health related fitness in children and adolescents with obesity |
| topic | obesity health-related physical fitness cardiorespiratory fitness strength childhood |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/12/1943 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giadaballarin bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity AT mariarosarialicenziati bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity AT paolaalicante bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity AT oliviadivincenzo bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity AT giulianavalerio bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity AT lucascalfi bioelectricalimpedanceanalysisderivedphaseangleandbodycompositionarepredictorsofhealthrelatedfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithobesity |