Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil
Pot and field trials were conducted to explore the combined effect of biochar (BC) with topdressing silicon (Si) on Cd uptake by rice and grain yield in Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The treatments, including BC applied before transplanting (TBC), topdressing Si applied in the soil at the jointing sta...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/3/568 |
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| author | Xianglan Su Yixia Cai Bogui Pan Yongqi Li Bingquan Liu Kunzheng Cai Wei Wang |
| author_facet | Xianglan Su Yixia Cai Bogui Pan Yongqi Li Bingquan Liu Kunzheng Cai Wei Wang |
| author_sort | Xianglan Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pot and field trials were conducted to explore the combined effect of biochar (BC) with topdressing silicon (Si) on Cd uptake by rice and grain yield in Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The treatments, including BC applied before transplanting (TBC), topdressing Si applied in the soil at the jointing stage (JSi) and BC combined with topdressing Si (TBC + JSi), were designed in a complete random block, and treatment without application of BC and Si was used as a control (CK). Results showed that Cd concentration in milled rice treated with TBC + JSi was decreased by 34.62%, 22.73% and 10.53%, respectively, when compared to CK, TBC and JSi, with the concentration being only 0.17 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>. At rice maturity, available Cd in the soil was reduced by 7.98% (TBC), 4.76% (JSi) and 6.02% (TBC + JSi) when compared with CK, while the concentrations of total Cd were 32.07% (TBC), 27.85% (JSi) and 35.44% (TBC + JSi) higher than CK. Moreover, BC and Si increased the Cd sequestrated by leaves markedly, especially for TBC + JSi, which was much higher than TBC and JSi. Therefore, the transfer of Cd from leaf to milled rice was greatly decreased by TBC + JSi. In addition, a synergy effect of TBC + JSi on rice yield was also found. Compared with CK, the grain yields of TBC, JSi and TBC+ JSi were increased by 8.35%, 8.20% and 18.74%, respectively. Nutrient contents in soil and rice plants were also elevated by the application of BC and Si to a certain extent; for example, the contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and Si in soil treated with TBC + JSi were raised by 8.96–60.03% when compared with CK. Overall, the combined application of BC with topdressing Si not only increases soil nutrients significantly, promotes their uptake by rice and boosts grain yield, but also effectively inhibits Cd transfer and reduces its accumulation in rice, which ultimately guarantees milled rice security. These results also imply that the combined application of biochar with topdressing silicon might be considered as an effective agronomic measure to decrease the milled-rice Cd in Cd-contaminated paddy soil, which would guarantee food security. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:38:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5179815537b24ff39c05f20882b30fa8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:38:44Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5179815537b24ff39c05f20882b30fa82024-03-27T13:16:55ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-03-0114356810.3390/agronomy14030568Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy SoilXianglan Su0Yixia Cai1Bogui Pan2Yongqi Li3Bingquan Liu4Kunzheng Cai5Wei Wang6College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaPot and field trials were conducted to explore the combined effect of biochar (BC) with topdressing silicon (Si) on Cd uptake by rice and grain yield in Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The treatments, including BC applied before transplanting (TBC), topdressing Si applied in the soil at the jointing stage (JSi) and BC combined with topdressing Si (TBC + JSi), were designed in a complete random block, and treatment without application of BC and Si was used as a control (CK). Results showed that Cd concentration in milled rice treated with TBC + JSi was decreased by 34.62%, 22.73% and 10.53%, respectively, when compared to CK, TBC and JSi, with the concentration being only 0.17 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>. At rice maturity, available Cd in the soil was reduced by 7.98% (TBC), 4.76% (JSi) and 6.02% (TBC + JSi) when compared with CK, while the concentrations of total Cd were 32.07% (TBC), 27.85% (JSi) and 35.44% (TBC + JSi) higher than CK. Moreover, BC and Si increased the Cd sequestrated by leaves markedly, especially for TBC + JSi, which was much higher than TBC and JSi. Therefore, the transfer of Cd from leaf to milled rice was greatly decreased by TBC + JSi. In addition, a synergy effect of TBC + JSi on rice yield was also found. Compared with CK, the grain yields of TBC, JSi and TBC+ JSi were increased by 8.35%, 8.20% and 18.74%, respectively. Nutrient contents in soil and rice plants were also elevated by the application of BC and Si to a certain extent; for example, the contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and Si in soil treated with TBC + JSi were raised by 8.96–60.03% when compared with CK. Overall, the combined application of BC with topdressing Si not only increases soil nutrients significantly, promotes their uptake by rice and boosts grain yield, but also effectively inhibits Cd transfer and reduces its accumulation in rice, which ultimately guarantees milled rice security. These results also imply that the combined application of biochar with topdressing silicon might be considered as an effective agronomic measure to decrease the milled-rice Cd in Cd-contaminated paddy soil, which would guarantee food security.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/3/568biocharsiliconriceyieldCd |
| spellingShingle | Xianglan Su Yixia Cai Bogui Pan Yongqi Li Bingquan Liu Kunzheng Cai Wei Wang Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil Agronomy biochar silicon rice yield Cd |
| title | Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| title_full | Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| title_fullStr | Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| title_short | Significant Synergy Effects of Biochar Combined with Topdressing Silicon on Cd Reduction and Yield Increase of Rice in Cd-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| title_sort | significant synergy effects of biochar combined with topdressing silicon on cd reduction and yield increase of rice in cd contaminated paddy soil |
| topic | biochar silicon rice yield Cd |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/3/568 |
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