Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018
Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among children. This study quantified HRU and cost of acute otitis media (AOM), pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Methods The IBM MarketScan® Comm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Health Services Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09244-7 |
| _version_ | 1797836542358585344 |
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| author | Tianyan Hu Yan Song Nicolae Done Salini Mohanty Qing Liu Eric M. Sarpong Esteban Lemus-Wirtz James Signorovitch Thomas Weiss |
| author_facet | Tianyan Hu Yan Song Nicolae Done Salini Mohanty Qing Liu Eric M. Sarpong Esteban Lemus-Wirtz James Signorovitch Thomas Weiss |
| author_sort | Tianyan Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among children. This study quantified HRU and cost of acute otitis media (AOM), pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Methods The IBM MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters and Multi-State Medicaid databases from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed. Children with AOM, all-cause pneumonia, or IPD episodes were identified using diagnosis codes in inpatient and outpatient claims. HRU and costs were described for each condition in the commercial and Medicaid-insured populations. National estimates of the number of episodes and total cost ($US 2019 for each condition were extrapolated using data from the US Census Bureau. Results Approximately 6.2 and 5.6 million AOM episodes were identified in commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively, during the study period. Mean cost per AOM episode was $329 (SD $1505) for commercial and $184 (SD $1524) for Medicaid-insured children. A total of 619,876 and 531,095 all-cause pneumonia cases were identified among commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively. Mean cost per all-cause pneumonia episode was $2304 (SD $32,309) in the commercial and $1682 (SD $19,282) in the Medicaid-insured population. A total of 858 and 1130 IPD episodes were identified among commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively. Mean cost per IPD episode was $53,213 (SD $159,904) for commercial and $23,482 (SD $86,209) for the Medicaid-insured population. Nationally, there were over 15.8 million cases of AOM annually, with total estimated cost of $4.3 billion, over 1.5 million cases of pneumonia annually, with total cost of $3.6 billion, and about 2200 IPD episodes annually, for a cost of $98 million. Conclusions The economic burden of AOM, pneumonia, and IPD among US children remains substantial. IPD and its manifestations were associated with higher HRU and costs per episode, compared to AOM and all-cause pneumonia. However, owing to their higher frequencies, AOM and all-cause pneumonia were the main contributors to the economic burden of pneumococcal disease nationally. Additional interventions, such as the development of pneumococcal conjugate vaccinees with sustained protection of existing vaccine type serotypes as well as broader inclusion of additional serotypes, are necessary to further reduce the burden of disease caused by these manifestations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:10:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5183ed6638a24bda9b75ab049fd2fdd6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6963 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:10:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Health Services Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-5183ed6638a24bda9b75ab049fd2fdd62023-04-30T11:11:25ZengBMCBMC Health Services Research1472-69632023-04-0123111510.1186/s12913-023-09244-7Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018Tianyan Hu0Yan Song1Nicolae Done2Salini Mohanty3Qing Liu4Eric M. Sarpong5Esteban Lemus-Wirtz6James Signorovitch7Thomas Weiss8Merck & Co., IncAnalysis Group, IncAnalysis Group, IncMerck & Co., IncAnalysis Group, IncMerck & Co., IncAnalysis Group, IncAnalysis Group, IncMerck & Co., IncAbstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among children. This study quantified HRU and cost of acute otitis media (AOM), pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Methods The IBM MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters and Multi-State Medicaid databases from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed. Children with AOM, all-cause pneumonia, or IPD episodes were identified using diagnosis codes in inpatient and outpatient claims. HRU and costs were described for each condition in the commercial and Medicaid-insured populations. National estimates of the number of episodes and total cost ($US 2019 for each condition were extrapolated using data from the US Census Bureau. Results Approximately 6.2 and 5.6 million AOM episodes were identified in commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively, during the study period. Mean cost per AOM episode was $329 (SD $1505) for commercial and $184 (SD $1524) for Medicaid-insured children. A total of 619,876 and 531,095 all-cause pneumonia cases were identified among commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively. Mean cost per all-cause pneumonia episode was $2304 (SD $32,309) in the commercial and $1682 (SD $19,282) in the Medicaid-insured population. A total of 858 and 1130 IPD episodes were identified among commercial and Medicaid-insured children, respectively. Mean cost per IPD episode was $53,213 (SD $159,904) for commercial and $23,482 (SD $86,209) for the Medicaid-insured population. Nationally, there were over 15.8 million cases of AOM annually, with total estimated cost of $4.3 billion, over 1.5 million cases of pneumonia annually, with total cost of $3.6 billion, and about 2200 IPD episodes annually, for a cost of $98 million. Conclusions The economic burden of AOM, pneumonia, and IPD among US children remains substantial. IPD and its manifestations were associated with higher HRU and costs per episode, compared to AOM and all-cause pneumonia. However, owing to their higher frequencies, AOM and all-cause pneumonia were the main contributors to the economic burden of pneumococcal disease nationally. Additional interventions, such as the development of pneumococcal conjugate vaccinees with sustained protection of existing vaccine type serotypes as well as broader inclusion of additional serotypes, are necessary to further reduce the burden of disease caused by these manifestations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09244-7Streptococcus pneumoniaeHealthcare resource utilizationCost analysisAcute otitis mediaPneumoniaPneumococcal conjugate vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Tianyan Hu Yan Song Nicolae Done Salini Mohanty Qing Liu Eric M. Sarpong Esteban Lemus-Wirtz James Signorovitch Thomas Weiss Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 BMC Health Services Research Streptococcus pneumoniae Healthcare resource utilization Cost analysis Acute otitis media Pneumonia Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine |
| title | Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 |
| title_full | Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 |
| title_short | Economic burden of acute otitis media, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the United States after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014–2018 |
| title_sort | economic burden of acute otitis media pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in the united states after the introduction of 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines during 2014 2018 |
| topic | Streptococcus pneumoniae Healthcare resource utilization Cost analysis Acute otitis media Pneumonia Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09244-7 |
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