Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity
Studies have reported several cases with respiratory viruses coinfection in hospitalized patients. Influenza A virus (IAV) mimics the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with respect to seasonal occurrence, transmission routes, clinical manifestations and related immune resp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/22/4382 |
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| author | Ahmed M. Elaiw Raghad S. Alsulami Aatef D. Hobiny |
| author_facet | Ahmed M. Elaiw Raghad S. Alsulami Aatef D. Hobiny |
| author_sort | Ahmed M. Elaiw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studies have reported several cases with respiratory viruses coinfection in hospitalized patients. Influenza A virus (IAV) mimics the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with respect to seasonal occurrence, transmission routes, clinical manifestations and related immune responses. The present paper aimed to develop and investigate a mathematical model to study the dynamics of IAV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection within the host. The influence of SARS-CoV-2-specific and IAV-specific antibody immunities is incorporated. The model simulates the interaction between seven compartments, uninfected epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, IAV-infected cells, free SARS-CoV-2 particles, free IAV particles, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and IAV-specific antibodies. The regrowth and death of the uninfected epithelial cells are considered. We study the basic qualitative properties of the model, calculate all equilibria and investigate the global stability of all equilibria. The global stability of equilibria is established using the Lyapunov method. We perform numerical simulations and demonstrate that they are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The importance of including the antibody immunity into the coinfection dynamics model is discussed. We have found that without modeling the antibody immunity, the case of IAV and SARS-CoV-2 coexistence is not observed. Finally, we discuss the influence of IAV infection on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 single-infection and vice versa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:09:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5185175354c344c18174b6100467948c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:09:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5185175354c344c18174b6100467948c2023-11-24T09:10:40ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902022-11-011022438210.3390/math10224382Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody ImmunityAhmed M. Elaiw0Raghad S. Alsulami1Aatef D. Hobiny2Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaStudies have reported several cases with respiratory viruses coinfection in hospitalized patients. Influenza A virus (IAV) mimics the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with respect to seasonal occurrence, transmission routes, clinical manifestations and related immune responses. The present paper aimed to develop and investigate a mathematical model to study the dynamics of IAV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection within the host. The influence of SARS-CoV-2-specific and IAV-specific antibody immunities is incorporated. The model simulates the interaction between seven compartments, uninfected epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, IAV-infected cells, free SARS-CoV-2 particles, free IAV particles, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and IAV-specific antibodies. The regrowth and death of the uninfected epithelial cells are considered. We study the basic qualitative properties of the model, calculate all equilibria and investigate the global stability of all equilibria. The global stability of equilibria is established using the Lyapunov method. We perform numerical simulations and demonstrate that they are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The importance of including the antibody immunity into the coinfection dynamics model is discussed. We have found that without modeling the antibody immunity, the case of IAV and SARS-CoV-2 coexistence is not observed. Finally, we discuss the influence of IAV infection on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 single-infection and vice versa.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/22/4382COVID-19SARS-CoV-2influenza A viruscoinfectionglobal stabilityLyapunov function |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed M. Elaiw Raghad S. Alsulami Aatef D. Hobiny Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity Mathematics COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 influenza A virus coinfection global stability Lyapunov function |
| title | Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity |
| title_full | Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity |
| title_fullStr | Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity |
| title_short | Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity |
| title_sort | modeling and stability analysis of within host iav sars cov 2 coinfection with antibody immunity |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 influenza A virus coinfection global stability Lyapunov function |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/22/4382 |
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