Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum
As a result of climate change, salinity has become a major abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. A variety of endophytic bacteria alleviate salt stress; however, their ecology and biotechnological potential has not been fully realized. To address this gap, a colle...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00047/full |
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| author | Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Jin-Biao Ma Yong-Hong Liu Daoyuan Zhang Shao Hua Shrikant Bhute Brian P. Hedlund Wen-Jun Li Wen-Jun Li Li Li |
| author_facet | Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Jin-Biao Ma Yong-Hong Liu Daoyuan Zhang Shao Hua Shrikant Bhute Brian P. Hedlund Wen-Jun Li Wen-Jun Li Li Li |
| author_sort | Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a result of climate change, salinity has become a major abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. A variety of endophytic bacteria alleviate salt stress; however, their ecology and biotechnological potential has not been fully realized. To address this gap, a collection of 117 endophytic bacteria were isolated from wild populations of the herb Thymus vulgaris in Sheikh Zuweid and Rafah of North Sinai Province, Egypt, and identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The endophytes were highly diverse, including 17 genera and 30 species. The number of bacterial species obtained from root tissues was higher (n = 18) compared to stem (n = 14) and leaf (n = 11) tissue. The endophytic bacteria exhibited several plant growth-promoting activities in vitro, including auxin synthesis, diazotrophy, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and production of lytic enzymes (i.e., chitinase, cellulase, protease, and lipase). Three endophytes representing Bacillus species associated with T. vulgaris such as EGY05, EGY21, and EGY25 were selected based on their ex-situ activities for growth chamber assays to test for their ability to promote the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various NaCl concentrations (50–200 mM). All three strains significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth of tomato plants under salt stress, compared to uninoculated controls. In addition, inoculated tomato plants by all tested strains decreased (P < 0.05) the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase). Six strains, representing Bacillus and Enterobacter species EGY01, EGY05, EGY16, EGY21, EGY25, and EGY31 were selected based on in vitro antagonistic activity to F. oxysporum for pot experiments under salt stress. All tested strains reduced the disease severity index (DSI) of tomato plants at all tested salt concentrations. Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of cell-free extracts of B. subtilis (EGY16) showed at least ten compounds were known to have antimicrobial activity, with the major peaks being benzene, 1,3-dimethyl-, p-xylene, dibutyl phthalate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and tetracosane. This study demonstrates that diverse endophytes grow in wild thyme populations and that some are able to alleviate salinity stress and inhibit F. oxysporum pathogenesis, making them promising candidates for biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:23:10Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5193f04606a04011b395a18c488b80c22022-12-21T19:48:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-02-011110.3389/fpls.2020.00047484696Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporumOsama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad0Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad1Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad2Jin-Biao Ma3Yong-Hong Liu4Daoyuan Zhang5Shao Hua6Shrikant Bhute7Brian P. Hedlund8Wen-Jun Li9Wen-Jun Li10Li Li11CAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaDepartment of Biological, Marine Sciences, and Environmental Agriculture, Institute for Post Graduate Environmental Studies, Arish University, Al-Arish, EgyptDepartment of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Al-Arish, EgyptCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Al-Arish, EgyptSchool of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United StatesCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Urumqi, ChinaAs a result of climate change, salinity has become a major abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. A variety of endophytic bacteria alleviate salt stress; however, their ecology and biotechnological potential has not been fully realized. To address this gap, a collection of 117 endophytic bacteria were isolated from wild populations of the herb Thymus vulgaris in Sheikh Zuweid and Rafah of North Sinai Province, Egypt, and identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The endophytes were highly diverse, including 17 genera and 30 species. The number of bacterial species obtained from root tissues was higher (n = 18) compared to stem (n = 14) and leaf (n = 11) tissue. The endophytic bacteria exhibited several plant growth-promoting activities in vitro, including auxin synthesis, diazotrophy, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and production of lytic enzymes (i.e., chitinase, cellulase, protease, and lipase). Three endophytes representing Bacillus species associated with T. vulgaris such as EGY05, EGY21, and EGY25 were selected based on their ex-situ activities for growth chamber assays to test for their ability to promote the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under various NaCl concentrations (50–200 mM). All three strains significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth of tomato plants under salt stress, compared to uninoculated controls. In addition, inoculated tomato plants by all tested strains decreased (P < 0.05) the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase). Six strains, representing Bacillus and Enterobacter species EGY01, EGY05, EGY16, EGY21, EGY25, and EGY31 were selected based on in vitro antagonistic activity to F. oxysporum for pot experiments under salt stress. All tested strains reduced the disease severity index (DSI) of tomato plants at all tested salt concentrations. Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of cell-free extracts of B. subtilis (EGY16) showed at least ten compounds were known to have antimicrobial activity, with the major peaks being benzene, 1,3-dimethyl-, p-xylene, dibutyl phthalate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and tetracosane. This study demonstrates that diverse endophytes grow in wild thyme populations and that some are able to alleviate salinity stress and inhibit F. oxysporum pathogenesis, making them promising candidates for biofertilizers and biocontrol agents.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00047/fullenvironmental microbiologymedicinal plantsendophytesbiofertilizerbiocontrolFusarium oxysporum |
| spellingShingle | Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad Jin-Biao Ma Yong-Hong Liu Daoyuan Zhang Shao Hua Shrikant Bhute Brian P. Hedlund Wen-Jun Li Wen-Jun Li Li Li Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum Frontiers in Plant Science environmental microbiology medicinal plants endophytes biofertilizer biocontrol Fusarium oxysporum |
| title | Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum |
| title_full | Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum |
| title_fullStr | Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum |
| title_short | Beneficial Endophytic Bacterial Populations Associated With Medicinal Plant Thymus vulgaris Alleviate Salt Stress and Confer Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum |
| title_sort | beneficial endophytic bacterial populations associated with medicinal plant thymus vulgaris alleviate salt stress and confer resistance to fusarium oxysporum |
| topic | environmental microbiology medicinal plants endophytes biofertilizer biocontrol Fusarium oxysporum |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00047/full |
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