Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests
The residual efficacy of novaluron on concrete, metal and wood was evaluated against last-instar larvae of <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> (L.), <i>Tribolium</i><i>castaneum</i> (Herbst), and <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts. The larvae and food pro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/7 |
| _version_ | 1797543560920170496 |
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| author | Muhammad Yasir Richard W. Mankin Mansoor ul Hasan Muhammad Sagheer |
| author_facet | Muhammad Yasir Richard W. Mankin Mansoor ul Hasan Muhammad Sagheer |
| author_sort | Muhammad Yasir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The residual efficacy of novaluron on concrete, metal and wood was evaluated against last-instar larvae of <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> (L.), <i>Tribolium</i><i>castaneum</i> (Herbst), and <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts. The larvae and food provided for survival were exposed to surfaces pretreated at rates of 0.053, to 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup> and bioassays were conducted from 0- to 16-weeks post-treatment. Percentage emergence of adults was recorded after 30 days (d). On all surfaces at week 0, no <i>O. surinamensis</i> or <i>T.</i><i>castaneum</i> adults emerged, and ≤3.3% emergence of <i>T. granarium</i> was found at 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. Novaluron significantly reduced the percentage emergence of adults of the three species compared to a distilled water control for the first 12 weeks on all the tested surfaces as the residual efficacy declined at a low rate during initial weeks and then at a high rate in the final weeks of the 16-week study. Reductions to emergence were most persistent on metal surfaces, with mean percentages of adult emergence of ≤18.3 in week 12, followed by concrete (≤32.5) and wood (≤45.0) for all species at novaluron application rates of 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. For >4-weeks protection, higher application rates would be needed to avoid buildup of pest populations and reductions in profitability. Such results can be helpful for the management of <i>O. surinamensis</i>, <i>T.</i><i>castaneum</i>, and <i>T. granarium</i> as the costs of commonly used insecticides against postharvest insect pests and the resistance of these insects to the pesticides gradually increase in mills, warehouses, and food storage facilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:46:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-519b22e4cf9f4dbbb6de1d89fee87ab7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:46:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-519b22e4cf9f4dbbb6de1d89fee87ab72023-11-21T02:31:53ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-12-01121710.3390/insects12010007Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran PestsMuhammad Yasir0Richard W. Mankin1Mansoor ul Hasan2Muhammad Sagheer3Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanAgricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), United States Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL 32608, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanThe residual efficacy of novaluron on concrete, metal and wood was evaluated against last-instar larvae of <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> (L.), <i>Tribolium</i><i>castaneum</i> (Herbst), and <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts. The larvae and food provided for survival were exposed to surfaces pretreated at rates of 0.053, to 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup> and bioassays were conducted from 0- to 16-weeks post-treatment. Percentage emergence of adults was recorded after 30 days (d). On all surfaces at week 0, no <i>O. surinamensis</i> or <i>T.</i><i>castaneum</i> adults emerged, and ≤3.3% emergence of <i>T. granarium</i> was found at 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. Novaluron significantly reduced the percentage emergence of adults of the three species compared to a distilled water control for the first 12 weeks on all the tested surfaces as the residual efficacy declined at a low rate during initial weeks and then at a high rate in the final weeks of the 16-week study. Reductions to emergence were most persistent on metal surfaces, with mean percentages of adult emergence of ≤18.3 in week 12, followed by concrete (≤32.5) and wood (≤45.0) for all species at novaluron application rates of 0.209 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. For >4-weeks protection, higher application rates would be needed to avoid buildup of pest populations and reductions in profitability. Such results can be helpful for the management of <i>O. surinamensis</i>, <i>T.</i><i>castaneum</i>, and <i>T. granarium</i> as the costs of commonly used insecticides against postharvest insect pests and the resistance of these insects to the pesticides gradually increase in mills, warehouses, and food storage facilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/7chitin synthesis inhibitorinsect growth regulatorsurface treatment |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Yasir Richard W. Mankin Mansoor ul Hasan Muhammad Sagheer Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests Insects chitin synthesis inhibitor insect growth regulator surface treatment |
| title | Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests |
| title_full | Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests |
| title_fullStr | Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests |
| title_short | Residual Efficacy of Novaluron Applied on Concrete, Metal, and Wood for the Control of Stored Product Coleopteran Pests |
| title_sort | residual efficacy of novaluron applied on concrete metal and wood for the control of stored product coleopteran pests |
| topic | chitin synthesis inhibitor insect growth regulator surface treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/7 |
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