Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.)
The objective of this work was to investigate the potential effect of cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) on growth parameters and selective digestive enzymes of <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. The approach consisted of feeding the larvae with wheat, sorghum and rice meals cont...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/5/454 |
| _version_ | 1797534025069363200 |
|---|---|
| author | Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu Eva Landgräber Ina M. Henkel Gerd Huschek Thomas Homann Sara Bußler Oliver K. Schlüter Harshadrai Rawel |
| author_facet | Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu Eva Landgräber Ina M. Henkel Gerd Huschek Thomas Homann Sara Bußler Oliver K. Schlüter Harshadrai Rawel |
| author_sort | Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this work was to investigate the potential effect of cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) on growth parameters and selective digestive enzymes of <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. The approach consisted of feeding the larvae with wheat, sorghum and rice meals containing different levels and composition of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors. The developmental and biochemical characteristics of the larvae were assessed over feeding periods of 5 h, 5 days and 10 days, and the relative abundance of α-amylase and selected proteases in larvae were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, weight gains ranged from 21% to 42% after five days of feeding. The larval death rate significantly increased in all groups after 10 days of feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas the pupation rate was about 25% among larvae fed with rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) and <i>Siyazan</i>/<i>Esperya</i> wheat meals, and only 8% and 14% among those fed with <i>Damougari</i> and <i>S35</i> sorghum meals. As determined using the Lowry method, the protein contents of the sodium phosphate extracts ranged from 7.80 ± 0.09 to 9.42 ± 0.19 mg/mL and those of the ammonium bicarbonate/urea reached 19.78 ± 0.16 to 37.47 ± 1.38 mg/mL. The total protein contents of the larvae according to the Kjeldahl method ranged from 44.0 and 49.9 g/100 g. The relative abundance of α-amylase, CLIP domain-containing serine protease, modular serine protease zymogen and C1 family cathepsin significantly decreased in the larvae, whereas dipeptidylpeptidase I and chymotrypsin increased within the first hours after feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Trypsin content was found to be constant independently of time or feed material. Finally, based on the results we obtained, it was difficult to substantively draw conclusions on the likely effects of meal ATI composition on larval developmental characteristics, but their effects on the digestive enzyme expression remain relevant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:23:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-51a0597927ed47ed8da0ecbf444154e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:23:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-51a0597927ed47ed8da0ecbf444154e22023-11-21T19:49:51ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-05-0112545410.3390/insects12050454Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.)Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu0Eva Landgräber1Ina M. Henkel2Gerd Huschek3Thomas Homann4Sara Bußler5Oliver K. Schlüter6Harshadrai Rawel7Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyInstitute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyEntoNative GmbH, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 40-41, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyIGV-Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 40-41, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyInstitute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, GermanyInstitute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyThe objective of this work was to investigate the potential effect of cereal α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) on growth parameters and selective digestive enzymes of <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. The approach consisted of feeding the larvae with wheat, sorghum and rice meals containing different levels and composition of α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors. The developmental and biochemical characteristics of the larvae were assessed over feeding periods of 5 h, 5 days and 10 days, and the relative abundance of α-amylase and selected proteases in larvae were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, weight gains ranged from 21% to 42% after five days of feeding. The larval death rate significantly increased in all groups after 10 days of feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas the pupation rate was about 25% among larvae fed with rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) and <i>Siyazan</i>/<i>Esperya</i> wheat meals, and only 8% and 14% among those fed with <i>Damougari</i> and <i>S35</i> sorghum meals. As determined using the Lowry method, the protein contents of the sodium phosphate extracts ranged from 7.80 ± 0.09 to 9.42 ± 0.19 mg/mL and those of the ammonium bicarbonate/urea reached 19.78 ± 0.16 to 37.47 ± 1.38 mg/mL. The total protein contents of the larvae according to the Kjeldahl method ranged from 44.0 and 49.9 g/100 g. The relative abundance of α-amylase, CLIP domain-containing serine protease, modular serine protease zymogen and C1 family cathepsin significantly decreased in the larvae, whereas dipeptidylpeptidase I and chymotrypsin increased within the first hours after feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Trypsin content was found to be constant independently of time or feed material. Finally, based on the results we obtained, it was difficult to substantively draw conclusions on the likely effects of meal ATI composition on larval developmental characteristics, but their effects on the digestive enzyme expression remain relevant.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/5/454<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvaegrowth behaviorfeedingcereal mealsα-amylase/trypsin inhibitorsdigestive enzymes quantification |
| spellingShingle | Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu Eva Landgräber Ina M. Henkel Gerd Huschek Thomas Homann Sara Bußler Oliver K. Schlüter Harshadrai Rawel Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) Insects <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae growth behavior feeding cereal meals α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors digestive enzymes quantification |
| title | Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) |
| title_full | Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) |
| title_short | Effect of Cereal α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors on Developmental Characteristics and Abundance of Digestive Enzymes of Mealworm Larvae (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L.) |
| title_sort | effect of cereal α amylase trypsin inhibitors on developmental characteristics and abundance of digestive enzymes of mealworm larvae i tenebrio molitor i l |
| topic | <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae growth behavior feeding cereal meals α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors digestive enzymes quantification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/5/454 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT soreltchewonpisagu effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT evalandgraber effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT inamhenkel effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT gerdhuschek effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT thomashomann effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT sarabußler effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT oliverkschluter effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril AT harshadrairawel effectofcerealaamylasetrypsininhibitorsondevelopmentalcharacteristicsandabundanceofdigestiveenzymesofmealwormlarvaeitenebriomolitoril |