Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers

Quercus suber L. is a sclerophyllous tree species native to the western Mediterranean, a region that is considered highly vulnerable to increased temperatures and severe dry conditions due to environmental changes. Understanding the population structure and demographics of Q. suber is essential in o...

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Main Authors: Filipe Sousa, Joana Costa, Carla Ribeiro, Marta Varandas, Francisco Pina-Martins, Fernanda Simões, José Matos, Maria Glushkova, Célia Miguel, Maria Manuela Veloso, Margarida Oliveira, Cândido Pinto Ricardo, Dora Batista, Octávio S. Paulo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2022-06-01
Series:PeerJ
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Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/13565.pdf
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author Filipe Sousa
Joana Costa
Carla Ribeiro
Marta Varandas
Francisco Pina-Martins
Fernanda Simões
José Matos
Maria Glushkova
Célia Miguel
Maria Manuela Veloso
Margarida Oliveira
Cândido Pinto Ricardo
Dora Batista
Octávio S. Paulo
author_facet Filipe Sousa
Joana Costa
Carla Ribeiro
Marta Varandas
Francisco Pina-Martins
Fernanda Simões
José Matos
Maria Glushkova
Célia Miguel
Maria Manuela Veloso
Margarida Oliveira
Cândido Pinto Ricardo
Dora Batista
Octávio S. Paulo
author_sort Filipe Sousa
collection DOAJ
description Quercus suber L. is a sclerophyllous tree species native to the western Mediterranean, a region that is considered highly vulnerable to increased temperatures and severe dry conditions due to environmental changes. Understanding the population structure and demographics of Q. suber is essential in order to anticipate whether populations at greater risk and the species as a whole have the genetic background and reproductive dynamics to enable rapid adaptation. The genetic diversity of Q. suber has been subject to different studies using both chloroplast and nuclear data, but population structure patterns remain unclear. Here, we perform genetic analyses on Q. suber using 13 nuclear microsatellite markers, and analysed 17 distinct locations across the entire range of the species. Structure analyses revealed that Q. suber may contain three major genetic clusters that likely result from isolation in refugia combined with posterior admixture and putative introgression from other Quercus species. Our results show a more complex structure scenario than previously inferred for Q. suber using nuclear markers and suggest that different southern populations contain high levels of genetic variation that may contribute to the resilience of Q. suber in a context of environmental change and adaptive pressure.
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spelling doaj.art-51a3a933e7294810a8957497b3e52c7c2023-12-03T11:14:10ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592022-06-0110e1356510.7717/peerj.13565Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markersFilipe Sousa0Joana Costa1Carla Ribeiro2Marta Varandas3Francisco Pina-Martins4Fernanda Simões5José Matos6Maria Glushkova7Célia Miguel8Maria Manuela Veloso9Margarida Oliveira10Cândido Pinto Ricardo11Dora Batista12Octávio S. Paulo13Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalInstituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Unidade de Investigação de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Oeiras, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalInstituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Unidade de Investigação de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Oeiras, PortugalInstituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Unidade de Investigação de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Oeiras, PortugalForest Research Institute of B.A.S., Department of Forest Genetics, Physiology and Plantations, Sofia, BulgariaFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, PortugalInstituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Unidade de Investigação de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Oeiras, PortugalUniversidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-NOVA), Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Oeiras, PortugalUniversidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-NOVA), Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Oeiras, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Lisboa, PortugalQuercus suber L. is a sclerophyllous tree species native to the western Mediterranean, a region that is considered highly vulnerable to increased temperatures and severe dry conditions due to environmental changes. Understanding the population structure and demographics of Q. suber is essential in order to anticipate whether populations at greater risk and the species as a whole have the genetic background and reproductive dynamics to enable rapid adaptation. The genetic diversity of Q. suber has been subject to different studies using both chloroplast and nuclear data, but population structure patterns remain unclear. Here, we perform genetic analyses on Q. suber using 13 nuclear microsatellite markers, and analysed 17 distinct locations across the entire range of the species. Structure analyses revealed that Q. suber may contain three major genetic clusters that likely result from isolation in refugia combined with posterior admixture and putative introgression from other Quercus species. Our results show a more complex structure scenario than previously inferred for Q. suber using nuclear markers and suggest that different southern populations contain high levels of genetic variation that may contribute to the resilience of Q. suber in a context of environmental change and adaptive pressure.https://peerj.com/articles/13565.pdfCork oakPopulation geneticsGlacial refugiaConservationWest Mediterranean
spellingShingle Filipe Sousa
Joana Costa
Carla Ribeiro
Marta Varandas
Francisco Pina-Martins
Fernanda Simões
José Matos
Maria Glushkova
Célia Miguel
Maria Manuela Veloso
Margarida Oliveira
Cândido Pinto Ricardo
Dora Batista
Octávio S. Paulo
Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
PeerJ
Cork oak
Population genetics
Glacial refugia
Conservation
West Mediterranean
title Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
title_full Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
title_fullStr Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
title_full_unstemmed Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
title_short Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
title_sort population structure in quercus suber l revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers
topic Cork oak
Population genetics
Glacial refugia
Conservation
West Mediterranean
url https://peerj.com/articles/13565.pdf
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