In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
In this study, a strategy was developed for in situ, non-intrusive, and quantitative measurement of the oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO<sub>2</sub>) to describe emission characteristics in gas turbines. The linear calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (LCF-WMS) approach combi...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5729 |
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| author | Jing Li Renjie Li Yan Liu Fei Li Xin Lin Xilong Yu Weiwei Shao Xiang Xu |
| author_facet | Jing Li Renjie Li Yan Liu Fei Li Xin Lin Xilong Yu Weiwei Shao Xiang Xu |
| author_sort | Jing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, a strategy was developed for in situ, non-intrusive, and quantitative measurement of the oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO<sub>2</sub>) to describe emission characteristics in gas turbines. The linear calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (LCF-WMS) approach combined with the temperature profile-fitting strategy was utilized for trace NO and NO<sub>2</sub> concentration detection with broad spectral interference from gaseous water (H<sub>2</sub>O). Transition lines near 1308 nm, 5238 nm, and 6250 nm were selected to investigate the H<sub>2</sub>O, NO, and NO<sub>2</sub> generated from combustion. Experiments were performed under different equivalence ratios in a combustion exhaust tube, which was heated at 450–700 K, with an effective optical length of 1.57 m. Ultra-low NO<sub>x</sub> emissions were captured by optical measurements under different equivalence ratios. The mole fractions of H<sub>2</sub>O were in agreement with the theoretical values calculated using Chemkin. Herein, the uncertainty of the TDLAS measurements and the limitation of improving the relative precision are discussed in detail. The proposed strategy proved to be a promising combustion diagnostic technique for the quantitative measurement of low-absorbance trace NO and NO<sub>2</sub> with strong H<sub>2</sub>O interference in real combustion gases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:05:23Z |
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| id | doaj.art-51bfec37a1824420a68be7e92356496e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:05:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-51bfec37a1824420a68be7e92356496e2023-12-01T23:10:09ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-07-012215572910.3390/s22155729In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption SpectroscopyJing Li0Renjie Li1Yan Liu2Fei Li3Xin Lin4Xilong Yu5Weiwei Shao6Xiang Xu7Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSchool of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaState Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaState Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSchool of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaIn this study, a strategy was developed for in situ, non-intrusive, and quantitative measurement of the oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO<sub>2</sub>) to describe emission characteristics in gas turbines. The linear calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (LCF-WMS) approach combined with the temperature profile-fitting strategy was utilized for trace NO and NO<sub>2</sub> concentration detection with broad spectral interference from gaseous water (H<sub>2</sub>O). Transition lines near 1308 nm, 5238 nm, and 6250 nm were selected to investigate the H<sub>2</sub>O, NO, and NO<sub>2</sub> generated from combustion. Experiments were performed under different equivalence ratios in a combustion exhaust tube, which was heated at 450–700 K, with an effective optical length of 1.57 m. Ultra-low NO<sub>x</sub> emissions were captured by optical measurements under different equivalence ratios. The mole fractions of H<sub>2</sub>O were in agreement with the theoretical values calculated using Chemkin. Herein, the uncertainty of the TDLAS measurements and the limitation of improving the relative precision are discussed in detail. The proposed strategy proved to be a promising combustion diagnostic technique for the quantitative measurement of low-absorbance trace NO and NO<sub>2</sub> with strong H<sub>2</sub>O interference in real combustion gases.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5729NO<sub>x</sub> emissionmultispecies sensorin situ measurementswavelength modulation spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Jing Li Renjie Li Yan Liu Fei Li Xin Lin Xilong Yu Weiwei Shao Xiang Xu In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Sensors NO<sub>x</sub> emission multispecies sensor in situ measurements wavelength modulation spectroscopy |
| title | In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title_full | In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title_short | In Situ Measurement of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>O in Combustion Gases Based on Near/Mid-Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | in situ measurement of no no sub 2 sub and h sub 2 sub o in combustion gases based on near mid infrared laser absorption spectroscopy |
| topic | NO<sub>x</sub> emission multispecies sensor in situ measurements wavelength modulation spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/15/5729 |
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