Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy
PurposeCervical disc herniation (CDH) is one of the most common spinal diseases in modern society; intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has long been considered as its primary cause. However, the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration is still unclear. The aim of the study is to examine th...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1015198/full |
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| author | Zhiqi Wang Tao Xue Tongxing Zhang Xuehui Wang Hui Zhang Zhongyu Gao Qiang Zhou Erke Gao Tao Zhang Zhaoyang Li |
| author_facet | Zhiqi Wang Tao Xue Tongxing Zhang Xuehui Wang Hui Zhang Zhongyu Gao Qiang Zhou Erke Gao Tao Zhang Zhaoyang Li |
| author_sort | Zhiqi Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeCervical disc herniation (CDH) is one of the most common spinal diseases in modern society; intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has long been considered as its primary cause. However, the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration is still unclear. The aim of the study is to examine the components and structures of proteoglycan and collagen in cervical disc herniated nucleus pulposus (NP) using a validated and convenient Raman spectra technique and histological methods to further elucidate the mechanism of IVDD at the microscopic level.MethodsOur study used a burgeoning technique of Raman spectroscopy combined with in vitro intervertebral disc NP to characterize the above mentioned research purposes. Firstly, we collected cervical disc NP samples and imaging data by certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, we graded the NP of the responsible segment according to the patient’s preoperative cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted images by Pfirrmann grading criteria while measuring the T2 signal intensity value of NP. In addition, the structure of the NP samples was evaluated by histological staining (H&E staining and Safranin-O staining). Finally, the samples were scanned and analyzed by Raman spectroscopy.ResultsA total of 28 NP tissues from 26 patients (two of these patients were cases that involved two segments) with CDH were included in this study. According to the Raman spectroscopy scan, the relative content of proteoglycans which is characterized by the ratio of the two peaks (I1,064/I1,004) in the NP showed a significantly negative correlation with Pfirrmann grade (P < 0.001), while the collagen content and the NP intensity value showed a positive correlation (P < 0.001). For the microstructural characterization of collagen, we found that it may have an essential role in the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc. Moreover, histological staining (H&E staining and Safranin-O staining) showed the general structure of the NP and the distribution of macromolecules.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated the possibility of characterizing the macromolecular substances inside the cervical disc NP tissue by Raman spectroscopy. It also confirmed that macromolecular substances such as proteoglycans and collagen have some degree of alteration in content and structure during degeneration, which has a further positive significance for the elucidation of CDH’s mechanism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:46:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:46:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-51d2d31afc994fd592c968679710d4652022-12-22T03:54:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-10-011310.3389/fendo.2022.10151981015198Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopyZhiqi Wang0Tao Xue1Tongxing Zhang2Xuehui Wang3Hui Zhang4Zhongyu Gao5Qiang Zhou6Erke Gao7Tao Zhang8Zhaoyang Li9Department of Orthopedic, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic and Joint Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaFirst Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, ChinaPurposeCervical disc herniation (CDH) is one of the most common spinal diseases in modern society; intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has long been considered as its primary cause. However, the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration is still unclear. The aim of the study is to examine the components and structures of proteoglycan and collagen in cervical disc herniated nucleus pulposus (NP) using a validated and convenient Raman spectra technique and histological methods to further elucidate the mechanism of IVDD at the microscopic level.MethodsOur study used a burgeoning technique of Raman spectroscopy combined with in vitro intervertebral disc NP to characterize the above mentioned research purposes. Firstly, we collected cervical disc NP samples and imaging data by certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, we graded the NP of the responsible segment according to the patient’s preoperative cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted images by Pfirrmann grading criteria while measuring the T2 signal intensity value of NP. In addition, the structure of the NP samples was evaluated by histological staining (H&E staining and Safranin-O staining). Finally, the samples were scanned and analyzed by Raman spectroscopy.ResultsA total of 28 NP tissues from 26 patients (two of these patients were cases that involved two segments) with CDH were included in this study. According to the Raman spectroscopy scan, the relative content of proteoglycans which is characterized by the ratio of the two peaks (I1,064/I1,004) in the NP showed a significantly negative correlation with Pfirrmann grade (P < 0.001), while the collagen content and the NP intensity value showed a positive correlation (P < 0.001). For the microstructural characterization of collagen, we found that it may have an essential role in the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc. Moreover, histological staining (H&E staining and Safranin-O staining) showed the general structure of the NP and the distribution of macromolecules.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated the possibility of characterizing the macromolecular substances inside the cervical disc NP tissue by Raman spectroscopy. It also confirmed that macromolecular substances such as proteoglycans and collagen have some degree of alteration in content and structure during degeneration, which has a further positive significance for the elucidation of CDH’s mechanism.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1015198/fullintervertebral disc degenerationcervical disc herniationRaman spectroscopynucleus pulposusproteoglycan |
| spellingShingle | Zhiqi Wang Tao Xue Tongxing Zhang Xuehui Wang Hui Zhang Zhongyu Gao Qiang Zhou Erke Gao Tao Zhang Zhaoyang Li Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy Frontiers in Endocrinology intervertebral disc degeneration cervical disc herniation Raman spectroscopy nucleus pulposus proteoglycan |
| title | Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy |
| title_full | Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy |
| title_short | Identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by Raman spectroscopy |
| title_sort | identification of compositional and structural changes in the nucleus pulposus of patients with cervical disc herniation by raman spectroscopy |
| topic | intervertebral disc degeneration cervical disc herniation Raman spectroscopy nucleus pulposus proteoglycan |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1015198/full |
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